ADSORPTION OF PB(II) METAL IONS FROM THE SOLUTION USING CHTIOSAN ADSORBENT MODIFIED BY SULFATE ION

• Main Author: Ibnu Riyanto, Hafizh
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Kimia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/64951
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Heavy metal is a pollutant which is harmful for living things. Heavy metals are generally carcinogenic and are toxic substances. Lead (II) is one of the dangerous heavy metals which is carcinogenic. Many techniques can be used to separate heavy metals from liquids. In this study, adsorption batch method was used. Adsorption is the process by which liquid molecules touch and adhere to the solid surface. The adsorption method has several advantages, including the processing is relatively simple process, high efficiency, effective and relatively does not have a negative impact on the environment. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of chitosan which has been modified by sulfate compounds to adsorp of Pb(II) metal ions, additionally the study also included the effect of solution temperature, solution pH, contact time, initial concentration of adsorbate, adsorbent weight, kinetics and adsorption isotherm. The adsorbent used in this study is a natural polymer, which is modified chitosan. It was used because it was relatively safe to use and the costs incurred were quite cheap. The first step in this study was to obtain chitosan by isolating chitosan from shrimp waste. The chitosan sulfate was synthesized via a sulfonation reaction between chitosan and ammonium sulfate. The resulting of chitosan sulfate compounds were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The second step is to test the effectiveness of chitosan and chitosan sulfate as adsorbent for Pb(II) metal ions form the solution using the batch method. Chitosan was isolated with a % yield of 10.1% with a degree of deacetylation of 66.9% and a molecular weight of 5.5×105????????????????. Modification of chitosan into chitosan sulfate was carried out by the sulfonation process using ammonium sulfate to produce a yield of 82.1% and a molecular weight of 2.4×106????????????????. The adsorption of Pb(II) ions from its solution on chitosan was optimum at a contact time of 90 minutes, temperature 27 ?, and concentrations of Pb(II) 100 ppm, 0.01 g adsorbent and pH solution 5, the optimum condition for chitosan sulfate was at a contact time of 60 minutes, temperature 27 ?, and concentration of Pb(II) 100 ppm and 0.01 g adsorbate and pH solution 5. The chitosan and chitosan sulfate adsorpstion system followed the Langmuir isotherm model with the adsorption capacity 19,38 mg/g and 23,92 mg/g. They followed pseudo second-order kinetics with a rate cconstant in the range 3,47–3,53 10?3 ???????????? ???????????? and the adsorption process was not spontaneous and exotermic.