THE ASSOCIATIONS OF THE HEAVY METALS ON WATER SOURCES, CHILDREN CHARACTERISTICS, SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC, AND SANITATION FACTORS, AND THE RISK OF STUNTING IN BANDUNG REGENCY

• Main Author: Janet Yapfrine, Sharnella
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik saniter dan perkotaan; teknik perlindungan lingkungan
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/65887
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Stunting is a condition of failure in children-under-five growth as a result of chronic malnutrition, thus children become too short for his/her age, or a condition when a person is shorter than the height of other people (of the same age) in general. In Indonesia, the stunting rate has decreased from the previous year. However, the prevalence still exceeds the maximum stunting rate target set by WHO. Bandung regency is one of the priority areas for stunting prevention in Indonesia. The causes of stunting are quite complex, including the health characteristics of the children under five, the sociodemographic factors, and the environmental factors, such as exposure to heavy metals. The purposes of this study are to analyze the relationship between the health characteristics of the children under five, the sociodemographic and family status, the sanitation factors, and the environment factors, especially the water media, with the incidence of stunting in Bandung regency. The method used is a case-control study (retrospective), using a questionnaire, interviews, and testing of heavy metals in drinking water and clean water samples from children under five that is divided into 26 respondents for the case group and 25 respondents for the control group. The Chi-square analysis (bivariate) and the binary logistic regression (multivariate) are used in this study. The results show that the factors which are significantly related to the risk of stunting are the sociodemographic factors, such as the mother’s latest education, the father’s latest education, and the household income. The sociodemographic factor that contributed the most is the household income. Then, the Mann-Whitney test was also used to see the relationship of the heavy metal concentration of Pb, Cd, and As to the incidence of stunting. The results show that the concentration of As and Cd in drinking water sources are suspected to be significantly related to the incidence of stunting in Bandung Regency.