PENGARUH SUPLEMENTASI PAKAN SINBIOTIK PADA APLIKASI SISTEM AKUAKULTUR HIBRID SEMI TERTUTUP ZERO WATER DISCHARGED / ZWD – FLOWTHROUGH TERHADAP KELIMPAHAN DAN PROFIL FISIOLOGIS KOMUNITAS MIKROBA PADA BUDIDAYA IKAN NILA (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS)

• Main Author: Nurul Faiqoh, Anisah
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/66006
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a freshwater fish culture commodity with high market demand in Indonesia. Conventional tilapia cultivation systems that are widely applied in the community have not shown optimal performance and cause organic waste that causes eutrophication in waters in Indonesia, including the Citarum watershed in Cianjur Regency, West Java. Develop a semi-closed aquaculture system in the form of Hybrid Zero Water Discharge (ZWD)-flowthrough, along with synbiotic feed supplementation, namely a mixture of probiotics and prebiotics, as an alternative disease control strategy in tilapia aquaculture. In this study, the system was applied to tilapia ponds located in the area of Tarikolot Village, Cinangsi Village, Cikalongkulon District, Cianjur-West Java. Sampling of tilapia and water was carried out on the 59th and 90th days of culture to determine decisions and microbial community profiles, both in tilapia gut culture pond water. Tilapia rearing was carried out for 90 days. There were two treatment variations, both using a ZWD-flowthrough system with synbiotic feed supplementation ('S'), compared to the use of commercial feed as a control ('K'). Air quality measurements (dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, ammonium, and nitrite levels) and growth measurements (fish weight and length) were carried out routinely. At the end of the period, a profile of the gut microbial community was analyzed using Biolog™ Ecoplates. The synbiotic product tested contained a probiotic consortium of 108 CFU/kg feed and microalgae Spirulina platensis in a ratio of 1:5 (w/w). The results showed that air quality parameters such as temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, ammonium, and nitrite in the treatment and synbiotics were in the tolerance range for the growth of tilapia. ZWDflowthrough control treatment resulted in average daily growth (ADG) (3.02 g/day), feed conversion ratio (FCR) (0.94), survival (78%), final biomass (492.19 kg) productivity (19.69 kg/m3) while the synbiotic treatment resulted in daily average growth (ADG) (2.11 g/day), feed conversion ratio (FCR) (1.64), survival (72.6%), biomass final (332.7 kg) productivity (13.3 kg/m3). Microbiological measurement parameters showed the results of heterotrophic bacteria were more stable with synbiotic supplementation, both in water samples and fish intestines. It was also found that synbiotic feeding could reduce the number of Vibrio sp. as much as 2 Log CFU/g in fish intestine samples. The ZWD-flow hybrid cultivation system increased the physiological diversity of the microbial community, but did not affect the metabolic activity as seen from the AWCD values in the two treatments having almost the same values and similar substrate usage patterns. By looking at the number of heterotrophic bacteria and the decrease in Vibrio sp. then the application of the ZWD-flowthrough system together with synbiotic feed supplementation can be a solution to improve the growth performance of tilapia with better microbiological parameters, so that it has the potential to be applied in the potential of tilapia on an industrial scale.