THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF THE PHYSICAL MODELING OF BAMBOO PILE WITH GREEN MUSSELS’ TEMPORARY BREAKWATER AS NATURAL COASTAL PROTECTION IN INDONESIA

• Main Author: Fauzan Azzaino, Zaki
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/66954
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Indonesia is an archipelago state with a total ocean area of 1.4 million km2 meaning Indonesia has a lot of marine resources, whether offshore or in the coast. One of the phenomena that occurs in the Indonesian ocean is waves, with irregular shapes and having a high potential energy of 17.9 GW (Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, 2019). This implies potential hazards, especially in coastal areas, where ocean waves can cause coastal erosion, or can hit coastal structures and damage them. Therefore, it is necessary to protect the coast to prevent these adverse effects. Using vegetation such as mangroves as a form of natural coastal protection is economically and environmentally more feasible in many coastal areas. However, during the process of creating mangrove-based coastal protection, young trees are vulnerable to the power of ocean waves. The solution to this problem is to build a natural coastal protection system that consists of a combination of main natural protection (mangrove) and temporary manmade structures made from bamboo piles based on their good results for various strength tests such as tensile, shear and flexural tests (Krishna, 2020). This temporary breakwater of bamboo piles is proposed to also be used as a medium for the cultivation of green mussels (Perna viridis) which is expected to be a source of food production and help reduce wave transmission so that the natural coastal protection system is more effective. This study aims to quantify wave height reduction using various configurations of the bamboo piles and variations with the distance between the mangroves and bamboo piles using physical modelling. The laboratory experiments were conducted in a narrow wave flume using a physical model of mangroves as the main natural protection and bamboo piles with green mussels as the temporary manmade structure. Various wave conditions, including extreme waves, were generated during the laboratory test. This final project focuses on the experiment results of wave transmission over the natural coastal protection system to determine the most effective configuration of bamboo piles with green mussels based on the effect of green mussels to the effectiveness of the bamboo pile with green mussels’ temporary breakwater. The results showed that the reduction in wave height in the area with bamboo pile with green mussels’ breakwater was about two times greater compared to that in bare land. Based on the model experiment the most effective configuration of the bamboo pile and green mussels’ breakwater is to use a distance between the columns and rows of the piles of 50 mm and a width of the breakwater of 800 mm. This breakwater configuration resulted in a reduction in wave height of 19% without green mussels and 27% with green mussels, meaning green mussels increased the reduction of wave height by 8%.