SIMPLIFICATIONS OF BUS ROLLOVER SIMULATION TO REDUCE THE COMPUTATIONAL TIME IN ANALYZING PASSENGER INJURY
Bus population in Indonesia keeps on growing every year and has increased as much as 3.34% from 2016 to 2020 which indicates that bus is still a favored mode of transportation. On the other hand, this growth is also followed by a considerable amount of traffic accidents involving buses. Rollover...
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| Format: | Theses |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/67374 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | Bus population in Indonesia keeps on growing every year and has increased as
much as 3.34% from 2016 to 2020 which indicates that bus is still a favored mode
of transportation. On the other hand, this growth is also followed by a considerable
amount of traffic accidents involving buses. Rollover is the most severe type of bus
accident which causes the most casualties and serious injury compared to other
types of accident. UNECE R66 is a standard that is widely implemented especially
in Europe regarding bus rollover safety. This kind of standard, however, are still
not yet implemented in Indonesia which raises interest regarding Indonesian bus
rollover safety. A lot of research were done about bus rollover safety but mostly
focused from the structural integrity standpoint, instead of the passenger injury
perspective. On top of that, simulation of bus rollover is usually computationally
expensive due to a great number of elements and contacts introduced between the
passenger dummy model and the structure. In this thesis, a bus rollover based on
UNECE R66 will be simulated, and a passenger dummy will also be included in
the model. A 50th Percentile Male Hybrid III dummy that has been scaled down to
match the size of regular Indonesian male will be used to model the passenger.
Several simplifications of the rollover model will be established, such as by
removing parts of the bus that are irrelevant to the passenger injury, using rigid
material, and using beam elements while also making sure that the movement of
the bus superstructure still describes that of the original model. The head, neck, and
thoracic injuries of the passenger dummy will be evaluated and compared between
each simplified model. These simplifications are aimed at reducing the
computational time of rollover simulations that might help in during designing
process of a bus superstructure.
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