ADAPTATION STRATEGY TO SEA LEVEL RISE FOR COASTAL AND MARINE TOURISM DESTINATIONS IN TELUK PANDAN DISTRICT, PESAWARAN REGENCY

• Main Author: Amalia, Almira
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/67877
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Changes in sea level are a direct impact of climate change and affect various economic sectors, including the tourism sector. Previous studies have shown that with a sea level rise of 0.5-1 meter, coastal areas and small islands can lose land so that they can experience economic losses, especially in areas that rely on tourism due to the loss of coastal and recreational tourism areas. In Indonesia, an increase in sea level reaching 0.7-1.2 cm/year has a high risk for the tourism sector, mainly coastal and marine tourism. Pesawaran Regency, especially in Teluk Pandan District, is one area that has various tourist attractions consisting of coastal areas and small islands, which are also threatened due to sea level rise. In dealing with the impact of sea level rise, appropriate adaptation strategies are needed so that various stakeholders in coastal and marine tourism destinations can adapt to changes and potential damage, overcome the consequences, and take advantage of opportunities from the phenomenon of sea level rise. Several studies of climate change adaptation strategies are currently focusing on other sectors such as the agricultural sector, infrastructure, health, and others, some of them with other climate change threats such as changes in rainfall that cause floods or droughts. However, not many studies show various choices of climate change adaptation strategies, primarily due to the impact of sea level rise and tourism as an affected sector. For this reason, this study aims to formulate an adaptation strategy for the impact of sea level rise on 7 coastal and marine tourism destinations consisting of 3 beach destinations, 3 small island destinations and 1 mangrove forest destination. In this study, the method of collecting data was interviews with nine sources and a study of various documents and statistical data. Qualitative descriptive analysis and risk analysis taking into account the components of hazard, vulnerability, and exposure, were used in this study. Adaptation strategies are formulated by identifying impacts, calculating risks, and considering the resilience framework of tourist destinations. This study found that the impact of sea level rise identified in seven tourist destinations was in the form of tidal flood and abrasion hazards, which caused direct and indirect impacts in the form of infrastructure damage, economic losses to environmental damage. The risk calculation results through the components of hazard, vulnerability, and exposure show that there are 2 tourist destinations with high risk and 5 with moderate risk. This is due to the high threat, exposure, and sensitivity level but is not matched by adaptive capacity. The regional policy direction of Pesawaran Regency to concentrate tourism development in Teluk Pandan District also strengthens the importance of efforts to adapt to the impact of sea level rise on the tourism sector. Thus, 19 adaptation strategies have been formulated for the government, 17 adaptation strategies for tourism destination managers, 9 adaptation strategies for the community and 5 adaptation strategies through technological innovation. These strategies include planning for disaster management, environmental management, diversifying employment and tourism products, building adaptive infrastructure, and increasing public awareness. This study is helpful as input and recommendations for various parties in the context of adaptation and mitigation of disasters caused by the impacts of climate change, especially sea level rise in tourist destinations.