ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND BIOACTIVITY EVALUATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITE FROM ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS COLLETOTRICHUM QUEENSLANDICUM FROM MORUS AUSTRALIS LEAF

• Main Author: Nastira Ningsih, Kurnia
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Kimia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/68056
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Morus (Mulberry plant) is a genus of plants from the family Moraceae that grows in tropical climates such as Asia. Until June 2021, there are 17 plant species in the genus Morus. Morus plants are known to be rich in phenolic compounds; such as flavonoids (including chalcone and Diels-Alder adducts), stilbenes and 2-aryl-benzofuran with various important bioactivities including antioxidant, anti-hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypotension and diuretic activities. Over time, the discovery of drug compounds source has been growing, not only from plant tissues, but currently the isolation of secondary metabolites from endophytic fungi has been carried out. Endophytic fungi are fungus that live in colonies in the internal tissues of plants without causing damage. The main goal that became the beginning of the development of endophytic fungi was to obtain bioactive compounds similar to their hosts with an easier and faster process, such as Taxol from Taxomyces andreanae with Taxus brevifolia as host and Artemisinin from Aspergillus sp with Artemisia annua as host, then it was found that endophytic fungi can produce compounds that are different from their hosts even new compound. Interesting compounds with highly cytotoxic activity were reported from the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. in M. macroura as 19,20-epoxycytochalasin Q, 18-deoxy-19,20-epoxycytochalasin Q and 19,20-epoxycytochalasin C. So far, phytochemical investigations of endophytic fungi from the Morus plant have not been carried out, so in this study the endophytic fungus Colletotrichum queenslandicum was isolated from the leaves of Morus australis and was the first discovery of this fungi genus from plant host Morus australis. Endophytic fungus C. queenslandicum was grown on rice media for 4 weeks then harvested and macerated using ethyl acetate. After that continued with fractionation and purification then five pure compounds were isolated and characterized as one new indole alkaloid; 2-(1H-indole-3-yl)-ethyl 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acetate along with two other indole alkaloids; Tryptopol and Indole-3-acetic acid, a derivative of benzoic acid; 2-(3-aminophenyl)acetic acid that was first reported from fungi of the genus Colletotrichum and one steroid; Ergosterol. Cytotoxic activity test against murine leukemia P-388 cells from the five isolated compounds showed that all compounds were active.