PRODUKSI MINYAK SAWIT MENTAH DAN ANTIOKSIDAN SECARA SIMULTAN DENGAN METODE AQUEOUS ENZYME-ASSISTED OIL EXTRACTION MENGGUNAKAN ENZIM YANG DIPRODUKSI DARI FERMENTASI TERENDAM OLEH ASPERGILLUS NIGER
Palm oil is the world's main source of vegetable oil and is now a major trade commodity. The balanced fatty acid composition and nutritional content and beneficial health properties, such as tocopherols, tocotrienols, carotenoids, phytosterols, phenolic compounds and other phytonutrients, make...
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| Format: | Final Project |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/68414 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | Palm oil is the world's main source of vegetable oil and is now a major trade commodity. The balanced fatty acid composition and nutritional content and beneficial health properties, such as tocopherols, tocotrienols, carotenoids, phytosterols, phenolic compounds and other phytonutrients, make palm oil widely applied in the processing of various types of food. The current crude palm oil (CPO) production process, which is currently almost entirely through the “thermochemical platform” route, can be expanded to a greater extent through the “biochemical platform” route which is more environmentally friendly. Aqueous enzyme-assisted oil extraction is one of the “biochemical platforms” in oil extraction. This study aims to determine the crude enzyme activity of the fermented submerged mesocarp substrate of palm fruit by Aspergillus niger and to determine the effect of the use of these crude enzymes on the aqueous enzyme-assisted oil extraction process on the recovery of CPO and the content of FFA and antioxidants including phenolics, tocopherols, beta-carotene, and antioxidant activity in CPO. Fermentation was carried out with variations of 3, 5 and 7 days. The activities of CMCase and pectinase enzymes on crude enzymes on days 3, 5, and 7 respectively were 0.12, 0.13, and 0.14 U/mL and 0.47, 0.47, and 0.49 U/mL, respectively. The activity of the tanase enzyme was not detected in the crude enzyme. The yield of CPO extracted with enzyme-assisted oil extraction using fermented enzymes on days 3, 5, and 7, respectively, was 74.00, 75.03, and 77.39% (g CPO/g total fat). The CPO contains FFA 5.08, 4.45, and 4.28%, beta-carotene content 458.69, 524.04, dan 619.89 ppm, phenolic content 32.06, 45.81, and 58.63 mg GAE/kg extract, alpha-tocopherol content of 87.17, 99.53, and 142.67 ppm, as well as antioxidant activity of 204.54, 300.24, and 343.30 mg Trolox/kg extract.
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