SYNTHESIS PROCESS OPTIMIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NITROCELLULOSE BASED ON COTTON, RAMIE FIBER, AND KENAF FIBER
Nitrocellulose is a modification of cellulose with a nitro functional group. Generally, nitrocellulose is produced from cotton or pulp as the source of cellulose. However, Indonesia still relies on imported cotton to fulfill domestic cotton needs. Ramie and kenaf are soft wood plants that contain hi...
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| Format: | Final Project |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/68544 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | Nitrocellulose is a modification of cellulose with a nitro functional group. Generally, nitrocellulose is produced from cotton or pulp as the source of cellulose. However, Indonesia still relies on imported cotton to fulfill domestic cotton needs. Ramie and kenaf are soft wood plants that contain high cellulose content compared to another biomass. Both of these plants grow easily in tropical climate like Indonesia. Alkali treatment with NaOH 17.5% and bleaching with NaOCl were carried out before nitration process to increase cellulose content and decrease non-cellulose content. In this study, the effect of alkalization time from 1-4 hours and the concentration of bleaching solution from 0.5-1.5% on the cellulose and lignin content was studied. Nitrocellulose is made with sulfuric acid and nitric acid mixture on cotton, ramie fiber, and kenaf fiber. The effect of cellulose-to-reagent ratio from 1:50, 1:100, and 1:150 was studied. Cellulose and non-cellulose contents were identified with Chesson-Datta method. Cellulose, lignin, and nitro groups were identified with FTIR characterization. Acetone insolubility were determined with MIL-DTL-244C standard. The absorption intensity of the FTIR spectrum and acetone insolubility value were used to estimate the nitrogen percentage. The results showed that an hour alkali treatment reduced lignin and increased cellulose in cotton and ramie fiber. Alkali treatment for 2 hours and bleaching using 1.5% NaOCl reduced the lignin content in kenaf to 0.2061%. Nitrocellulose is successfully made from cotton, ramie fiber, and kenaf fiber. The nitrogen content of cotton and ramie fiber nitrocellulose optimum at 1:100 cellulose-to-reagent ratio, and nitrogen content of kenaf fiber nitrocellulose maximum at 1:50 cellulose-to-reagent ratio.
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