ISOLASI SENYAWA AKTIF INHIBITOR ENZIM TIROSINASE DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KAYU PUTIH (MELALEUCA CAJUPUTI POWELL)

• Main Author: Naajiyah Imanina, Farah
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/69247
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Hyperpigmentation is a disorder caused by an increase in the amount of melanin in the epidermis. Hyperpigmentation can be triggered by the enzyme tyrosinase as a catalyst in the process of melanogenesis. Melaleuca cajuputi Powell or eucalyptus has been shown to have various activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective. However, it is still rare to conduct research on its activity as an inhibitor of the tyrosinase enzyme. This study aimed to determine the potential of ethanol extract and cajeput leaf fraction (Melaleuca cajuputi Powell) as inhibitors of the tyrosinase enzyme and isolate the active compound. The extract was obtained by maceration method with 70% ethanol as solvent. Fractionation was carried out by liquid-liquid extraction method using nhexane, ethyl acetate, and water as solvents. Extracts and fractions obtained were monitored and sprayed with universal and specific reagents. Quantitative activity tests were carried out on extracts and fractions so that the IC50 value was obtained. The IC50 values of ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and water fraction were 2,909.5 ± 78.83 g/mL; 2,217.1 ± 79.55 g/mL; and > 10,000 g/mL respectively. The results of the qualitative activity test using the bioautography thin layer chromatography method showed the presence of active spots against the enzyme tyrosinase. Further fractionation by classical column chromatography method was carried out on most active fraction, namely ethyl acetate fraction. the ethyl acetate fraction. The selected subfraction was purified by preparative thin layer chromatography method. The purification results obtained candidate isolates x, y, and z. The purity test was carried out on the candidate isolates that had the highest purity level using the single expansion thin layer chromatography method with three mobile phases. The isolation was qualitatively tested for its activity and characterized to determine the compound. The characterization of isolates was carried out by spraying specific reagents, TLC scanner, and two-way development paper chromatography. Isolate y is a compound of the flavone group and is active in inhibiting the tyrosinase enzyme qualitatively.