EFEK ANTIDIARE EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN LAMPENI (ARDISIA ELLIPTICA THUNB.) DAN PENGUJIAN AKTIVITAS TERHADAP BAKTERI PENYEBAB DIARE

• Main Author: Indah Setiawati, Putri
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/69367
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Diarrhea is still a societal problem, especially in developing countries, including Indonesia. People used traditional medicine to treat diarrhea, e.g., duck's eye (Ardisia elliptica Thunb.) fruit. However, it is not always available for treating diarrhea, which can occur at any time. So, the leaves of duck's eyes are considered an alternative. This study aimed to examine the antidiarrheal effect of the ethanolic extract of duck's-eyes leaves and determine its activity against bacteria that cause diarrhea. Extraction was carried out by maceration method using 96% ethanol. The antidiarrheal activity was tested on castor oil-induced diarrhea in mice. The sample was administered one hour before the induction of diarrhea. Observations on the frequency of defecation, consistency, and weight of feces were carried out for four hours. The microdilution method carried out activity tests against bacteria that cause diarrhea. The test bacteria used were Escherichia coli (E. coli), Salmonella typhi (S. typhi), Shigella dysenteriae (S. dysenteriae), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). The consistency of feces in the duck's-eyes leaf ethanol extract (EEDL) group at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW decreased significantly (p<0.05) compared to the positive control at the 1st to 2nd-hour observation. A similar result was observed at the dose of 200 mg/kg BW in the 2nd to 3rd-hour and at the dose of 300 mg/kg BW in the 1st to 3rd-hours. The frequency of defecation was significantly reduced (p<0.05) in the EEDL group at a dose of 200 mg/kg BW at 0 to 2 hours of observation and 300 mg/kg BW at 0 to 1 hours. Stool weight was significantly reduced (p<0.05) in the EEDL group at a 100 mg/kg BW dose during the 1st to 2nd-hour observation. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of EEDL against E. coli, S. typhi, and S. dysenteriae bacteria was 12500 ppm, and the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (KBM) was more than 50000 ppm. The MIC and MBC values for P. aeruginosa were 50000 ppm. It can be concluded that the ethanolic extract of duck's-eyes leaves (Ardisia elliptica Thunb.) showed an antidiarrheal effect in animal models induced by castor oil-induced diarrhea and did not show antibacterial activity against S. dysenteriae, S. typhi, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa.