FULFILLMENT OF INSTITUTIONAL SUSTAINABILITY CRITERIA IN COMMUNITY-BASED DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF KOTAKU AND PAMSIMAS IN WEST JAVA

• Main Author: Hayyah, Husnul
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Perencanaan wilayah
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/69494
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Limitations in the centralized provision of infrastructure indicate the need to develop other systems, including Community Based Water Supply Systems. The KOTAKU and PAMSIMAS programs are Indonesian government national programs that mainstream a community participation approach in the delivery of drinking water to the community. This approach promotes initiative and active community participation in deciding, planning, preparing, implementing, operating, and maintaining the water facilities. However, evidence indicates that the relationship between the community-based approach and the water supply system's sustainability is not as straightforward as expected. Thus, sustainability remains an important issue in the community-based water supply. One of the requirements in the implementation of the KOTAKU and PAMSIMAS programs is the formation of a community group that manages drinking water facilities, which is come and selected by the local community itself. The local institution is considered an important thing in a sustainable drinking water supply system because of its crucial role in management and maintenance activities. This study aims to assess the fulfillment of institutional sustainability criteria in community-based drinking water supply systems based on the institutional perspective and compare the institutional sustainability of the clean water facilities. The research method used is qualitative research by examining the institutional structure of the drinking water supply system using the Community-Based Water Supply System Institutional Sustainability Assessment Framework, which is a modification of the eight principles of Ostrom's design principle. In this study, local community groups managing community-based drinking water supply systems in Margahayu Ward, Bekasi City, and Mangunjaya Village, Bekasi Regency were chosen as research objects. Both institutions are considered successful in presenting their sustainable drinking water supply system. The results of the study indicate that the management institution in the study area has adopted several principles of institutional sustainability design and has been included in its operational documents. The principles that have been adopted are boundaries, beneficiaries, rules, and tiered management. However, the principlesiv of supervision and sanctions have not been explicitly regulated in the operational documents of each local institution. Other institutional issues involving external parties were also found to threaten sustainability, including coordination with the local government and the lack of support for capacity building for the management of clean water facilities from the local government. Furthermore, although the government has handed over water facilities to the community, represented by the water committee, the government must remain actively involved in monitoring, evaluation, and capacity-building activities. All stakeholders must realize that the target of achieving 100 percent access to clean water is the result of collaboration between the central and regional governments and the community. Finally, to secure a more sustainable drinking water supply system built through the KOTAKU and PAMSIMAS programs in the future, the water committee must prepare a supplemental document acting as implementation and technical instructions of sustainability that sets out in detail the eight principles of institutional sustainability.