COMPOSITE MEMBRANE OF NANOCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE AND CELLULOSE MICROFIBRIL FOR DESALINATION APPLICATIONS
The water crisis has made desalination technology a solution to get clean water. The advantage of membrane desalination is lower energy consumption compared to thermal desalination which is still energy dependent. Eco-friendly cellulose-based composite membranes such as nanocrystalline cellulose (NC...
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| Format: | Theses |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/69979 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | The water crisis has made desalination technology a solution to get clean water. The advantage of membrane desalination is lower energy consumption compared to thermal desalination which is still energy dependent. Eco-friendly cellulose-based composite membranes such as nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and cellulose microfibrils (CMF) have promising mechanical strength, making them suitable for membrane desalination systems that require pressure input. NCC was successfully isolated from rice husk with a width of 18.50 ± 5.48 nm and a length of 196.70 ± 64.50 nm, while CMF was successfully isolated from kapok fiber with a CMF diameter of 17.88 ± 7.058 m. Chemical treatment during the isolation of NCC and CMF can increase the value of the crystallinity index with a final NCC of 66.4% and CMF of 92.02%. NCC and CMF composite membranes were successfully synthesized with compositions of 100CMF, 90CMF/10NCC, 80CMF/20NCC, and 70CMF/30NCC. The addition of NCC concentration on the CMF substrate can increase the mechanical strength, surface roughness, contact angle, spreading time, porosity, and membrane flux. The optimal membrane obtained is 90CMF/10NCC which has the largest rejection capacity of 16.22% and the smallest total pore volume.
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