DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH-CAPACITY IMPACT ENERGY ABSORPTION MODULE COMBINATION TYPE OF TUBE EXPANSION-AXIAL SPLITTING AS CRASHWORTHINESS COMPONENT

• Main Author: Budi Pratiknyo, Yuwono
• Format: Dissertations
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik (Rekayasa, enjinering dan kegiatan berkaitan)
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/70124
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Crashworthiness technology has been developed and applied as a passive safety system in several means of land, sea and air transportation. An important component in the application of crashworthiness technology is the impact energy absorbing module. An effective mechanism for absorbing impact energy is through plastic deformation of the structure of the impact energy absorbing module. In the event of a collision, the impact energy transmitted to the main structure of the vehicle will be absorbed by the impact energy absorbing module. The absorbed impact energy can ultimately minimize the impact of the collision on passenger safety. Various mechanisms of impact energy absorption modules through plastic deformation have been developed and applied over the past few decades, including: tube flattening, tube axial folding, tube inversion, tube expansion, tube axial splitting, honeycomb and tubular rings, with a variety of different materials and dimensions. These mechanisms are compared critically by looking at the parameters of specific energy, stroke efficiency/volumetric efficiency and crushing force efficiency. The comparison results show that the tube expansion module has a high specific energy and axial splitting has a high step efficiency. However, each mechanism has shortcomings in other parameters. The development of new modules needs to be done to increase the advantages and reduce the shortcomings of the existing modules. So the purpose of this dissertation is to obtain a design and calculation formula for a new impact energy absorber module that can be used in various applications based on operating patterns and space availability. In addition, it also has a goal to produce a methodology for selecting/optimizing the collision energy absorption module design based on various alternative module geometries. In this dissertation research, an impact energy absorbing mechanism module was developed which has novelty and originality in the form of a combined type of tube expansion-axial splitting. This mechanism was chosen to absorb large impact energy with limited impact energy absorbing module space. The tube expansion impact energy absorber has a solid cylindrical structure of pipes and dies. When the pipe is subjected to axial load, the inner diameter of the pipe will be deformed to be larger than before and follow the diameter of the solid cylinder that hits it. The advantage of using the tube expansion type impact energy absorbing module is that it has high specific energy characteristics. This is because the characteristics of the force response obtained are close to the ideal characteristics. When compared with tube expansion, the specific energy of the combined type can be increased between 1.8 – 2 times the specific energy of tube expansion with a step efficiency that is almost close to the step efficiency of axial splitting. The result of this dissertation is to obtain an analytical formulation of the tube expansionaxial splitting impact energy absorbing module, which meets the characteristics of the impact energy absorbing module. Impact energy absorbing modules can be used for various needs based on operating patterns and space availability. Analytical calculations vs. experimental studies, have a difference between 1.39% - 26.11% with an average difference of 9.09%. In numerical studies vs. experimental studies of 4 types of specimen dimensions, the results of numerical calculations vs. experimental studies, have a difference between 5.57% - 17.15 % with an average difference of 10.58 %. From the results of the analytical, numerical and experimental formulations, it is also obtained the design limits of the new impact energy absorber module and can be used in various design applications. In addition to these two things, this dissertation also produces a methodology for selecting/optimizing the design of the collision energy absorber module based on various alternative module geometries, which have been applied to a case study of the design of the impact energy absorber module on the K1 passenger train.