STUDY OF SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM TWIGS OF MYRICA JAVANICA (MYRICACEAE) AND ITS APPLICATION IN NATURAL PRODUCT CHEMISTRY LEARNING

• Main Author: Safrilianti Effendi, Vienntiny
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Kimia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/70483
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The plant genus Myrica, belonging to the Myricaceae family, is one of the genera reported to have pharmacological activities. This genus has more than 40 species and is spread throughout several regions, such as Indonesia, Malaysia, India, China, and Cameroon. This genus has been traditionally widely used as a remedy for fever, cough, anti-asthma, burns, skin diseases, and abdominal pain. The main secondary metabolites of this genus are cyclic diarylheptanoids, which have been related to various bioactivities, such as anticancer, pro-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-influenza, antioxidant, and antibacterial. One of the species of Myrica that grows in Indonesia is M. javanica. Research related to the study of secondary metabolites in this species is still limited. Previously, research has been carried out regarding the isolation of secondary metabolites from the bark of M. javanica, but isolation from other tissues such as branches has not been reported. Based on that reason, the purpose of this study was to carry out a phytochemical screening to determine the content of secondary metabolites from M. javanica, isolate secondary metabolites from M. javanica, and test the bioactivity of isolated compounds, as well as develop an e-module for natural product chemistry learning. In the first step, the acetone extract of the twigs was tested for the content of flavonoids, steroids-terpenoids, phenolics, alkaloids, and saponins. Furthermore, M. javanica twig powder was extracted with acetone at room temperature (maceration) to obtain an acetone extract, which was then fractionated and purified using Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC) and Gravity Column Chromatography (GCC) techniques. The structure of the isolated compounds was determined based on spectroscopic data, namely NMR-1D (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR) and NMR-2D (HSQC and HMBC), UV-Vis, and FT-IR spectrometry. The cytotoxicity of the isolated compounds was examined against murine leukemia P-388 cells using the MTT method. The results of the phytochemical screening showed that the M. javanica twig extract contained secondary metabolites of the phenolic, flavonoid, terpenoid, and saponin groups. In this research, three cyclic diarylheptanoid compounds were isolated from M. javanica and characterized as myricanone, porson, and myricanol. Myricanol is the main compound of the twigs of M. javanica. Myricanone and myricanol have been reported from the stem bark of M. javanica, while porson was isolated for the first time from M. javanica. The cytotoxic activity test of the isolated compounds showed that P-388 was inactive (IC50 > 4.0 ?g/mL). Furthermore, findings from the phytochemical screening, secondary metabolites isolation, and spectroscopic measurements of the isolated compounds, were used to compile e-module as supporting media in the natural product chemistry learning.