THE EFFECT OF VARIATIONS IN SOLID WASTE COMPOSITION AND BULKING AGENT ON BIODRYING MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AS A PRE-TREATMENT FOR THE FORMATION OF REFUSE DERIVED FUEL,

• Main Author: Wulandari, Suci
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik saniter dan perkotaan; teknik perlindungan lingkungan
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/70874
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The characteristics of municipal solid waste in Indonesia tend to be wet and have a low calorific value. A pre-treatment is needed in the form of drying waste, namely using a biodrying process so that waste can be converted into a substitute fuel (RDF/refuse derived fuel). This study aims to determine the effect of variations in waste composition and bulking agent on the results of biodrying urban waste, the efficiency of the biodrying process, the comparison of biodried waste with RDF standards, and determine the optimum variation. Bulking agents used wood shavings, straw, and rice husk, with a proportion of bulking agents of 15% of the total waste mass entering the reactor. At the same time, the variations in the solid waste composition used are 100% organic waste and a mixture of organic and inorganic waste (68% organic waste, 14% paper waste, 18% plastic waste). The aeration discharge used was 5 liters/minute, and the waste was stirred on the middle day of the biodrying process (day 14). The biodrying reactor is a column reactor made of PVC, with a height of 100 cm and a diameter of 30 cm. A 2 cm thick layer of polyurethane foam was added to the inside of the reactor wall. The research time was 30 days, and measurements of waste mass, temperature, calorific waste value, proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, organic carbon, and total kjeldahl nitrogen were taken. The significance value of the Kruskal Wallis test results on temperature, moisture content, volatile content, ash content, and C / N ratio are 0.018; 0.00; 0.155; 0.155; 0.302, respectively. The significance values of the results of the one-way anova test on the parameters of fixed carbon, mass waste reduction, organic carbon, total kjeldahl nitrogen, and calorific value were 0.00; 0.203; 0.391; 0.685; and 0.622, respectively. If the significance value is more than 0.05, the variation of waste composition and the bulking agent has no significant effect and vice versa. Based on the results of these statistical tests, it can be concluded that the composition of solid waste and the bulking agent has a significant effect on temperature, moisture content, fixed carbon, and mass reduction of waste. But, the composition of solid waste and the bulking agent has no significant impact on the parameters of volatile content, ash content, organic carbon, total nitrogen kjeldahl, C/N ratio, and calorific value. Comparing the results of the biodrying process with the RDF standard shows that the waste from the biodrying process has not met the RDF standard in terms of moisture content, heating value, ash content, fixed carbon, and organic carbon in reactors whose waste composition only contains organic waste. The waste from the biodrying process has met the RDF standard in terms of waste volatile content, chlorine, sulfur, nitrogen, and organic carbon, where the waste composition contains a mixture of organic and inorganic waste. Based on the test results of moisture content and ash content of solid waste from the biodrying process for 30 days, the results of moisture content, calorific value, and ash content are still below the RDF standards that have been determined in various countries, especially in Indonesia. Moisture content and ash content are still above 20%. Sulfur content has met the standard for biodrying results in all reactors (sulfur 0.1-0.2) for the category of waste sourced from households (household waste). Based on the calculation of the biodrying efficiency of each reactor, the results show that reactor two has the highest process efficiency of 0.75. While based on the results of scoring and weighting, reactor seven which contains a mixture of organic and inorganic waste and rice husk bulking agent, shows the most optimum results, with a value of 615.