ANTIHYPERTENSIVE ACTIVITY OF ETHANOL EXTRACT AND FRACTION OF JAMAICA CHERRY (MUNTINGIA CALABURA L.) LEAVES

• Main Author: Anastasia Tarigan, Bernike
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/70917
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Hypertension is a chronic disease defined as an increase in systolic blood pressure >140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure >90 mmHg, with increasing prevalence. The use of herbal medicines is increasing, especially for treating and managing chronic diseases such as hypertension. Muntingia calabura L. (Jamaica cherry) is one of the medicinal plants that empirically has been used by the community as an alternative anti-hypertension therapy. Jamaica cherry is known to cause vasodilation in N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-induced hypertensive animal models. This study aims to determine the antihypertensive activity of ethanol extract, the fractions of Jamaica cherry leaves in the epinephrine-induced hypertensive animal model, and the compounds contained in the active fraction. In examining the antihypertensive effect, test doses of Jamaica cherry leave extract were 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg BW. The test dose of water, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate fraction was 100 mg/kg BW. Blood pressure was measured using a non-invasive CODA® tail-cuff blood pressure system. The results of the antihypertensive activity test showed that the ethanol extract of Jamaica cherry leaves at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW had the best inhibitory effect of increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively, 39,04 and 49,37%. Ethyl acetate fraction showed the best inhibitory effect of increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure, which was 59.48 and 74.70%. The results show that extract and fractions of Jamaica cherry leaves can reduce blood pressure in epinephrine-induced hypertensive rats. Ethanol extract and active fraction as antihypertensives contain quercetin and kaempferol.