LOCAL GOVERNMENT FRAMEWORK IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN HERITAGE TOURISM (CASE STUDY: SALATIGA CITY)

• Main Author: Handayani, Nurul
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/70957
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Urban heritage tourism is a way to manage and utilize urban heritage through tourism activities. Urban heritage tourism involves various cross-sectoral and stakeholders in its implementation, so it requires strong coordination and synergy between those. Regency/city governments have the authority to develop their tourism potential. Urban heritage tourism integrates several government affairs encompassing tourism planning, urban planning, and heritage management. The absence of a framework that explicitly integrates these three affairs requires local governments to interpret these policies independently, so there is the potential for misperceptions or inconsistencies in carrying out the duties and authorities of the three affairs. The uneven quality of human resources and the implementation of good governance in the regions can be one of the factors that influence the ability of local governments to interpret and implement central government policies regarding the development of urban heritage tourism. This study aims to develop a framework that can be implemented by local governments in the development of urban heritage tourism, by taking the case study of the City of Salatiga. The city of Salatiga was chosen as the case study area because of its potential as an Indonesian heritage city, especially its status as a member and founder of the Indonesian Heritage Cities Network. The city of Salatiga has tangible and intangible cultural heritage originating from past civilizations, to be precise, since the period of the Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms until the post-independence period. Salatiga urban spaces, especially in the downtown area, are still very thick with the feel of colonial buildings. However, efforts to preserve heritage, especially cultural heritage in the City of Salatiga, are still relatively minimal, as evidenced by the case of the demolition of one of the cultural heritage buildings, namely a building in the Pegadaian Office complex which was carried out without going through a licensing procedure to the city government. The process of determining cultural heritage status for various objects suspected of being cultural heritage is also relatively slow because until 2022 only around 11 (eleven) buildings have been designated as cultural heritage out of 144 (one hundred and forty four) existing historic buildings. Meanwhile, for the management of intangible heritage, the City of Salatiga has taken good steps by carrying out legendary culinary delights to bring the City of Salatiga as a Creative City of Gastronomy in 2021. Apart from culinary, other objects such as oral traditions, manuscripts, customs, rites, knowledge and traditional technology, art, language, folk games, and traditional technology have also begun to be developed by the City Government of Salatiga through the preparation of regional cultural ideas which at the time this research was underway was in the process of being ratified through regional regulations. This research is expected to provide recommendations for local governments, including the Government of Salatiga City, in preserving the wealth of cultural heritage in their region through the development of tourism activities, so that they can also bring economic benefits to the local community. This study uses qualitative analysis to identify an ideal framework based on a study of theory and precedents, as well as an ideal framework based on a review of regulations in Indonesia. A gap analysis is used to determine the gap between the ideal framework and the existing framework of Salatiga City. This study concludes with a designed framework that can be input for local governments in Indonesia to develop urban heritage tourism in their territory. The framework is formulated from the integration between the ideal framework and the existing framework by examining the dynamics of regulation in Indonesia. There are 7 (seven) groups of local government roles needed in the development of urban heritage tourism which covers tourism planning, urban planning, research, regulation, cooperation and coordination, urban planning, and community development.