THE IMPACT OF SPACE DEBRIS IN LOW EARTH ORBIT REVIEWED FROM ASTRONOMICAL ASPECTS AND LEGAL ASPECTS AS FALLING SPACE OBJECTS IN LAW NO. 21 OF 2013 REGARDING SPACE

• Main Author: Mustika Ratu, Mega
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/71017
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The falling of artificial satellite threatening safety in the Earth and space environment. Space debris are one of the biggest threat affects in the orbit environment, especially the low earth orbit (LEO). In the era of vast technology development when more satellites are launched to outer space, knowledge about space debris is more and more important to tackle the issue on earth and space environment. The aspect of law protection is also important for Indonesia to tackle the issues of falling satellites debris in Indonesia. Space related laws, namely, Law No. 21 of 2013 and the international space law are the most important reference for upholding justice in the event of a satellite crash incident in Indonesia. The research in this thesis focuses on the aspects of astronomy and space law, in further investigate about Space Falling Objects (BJA) and space debris. This research is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods in terms of law and astronomy. Data collecting techniques were carried out through interviews, observation and literature studies. The analysis was carried out based on data obtained mainly from NASA and ESA, journals, along with other literature studies. This study showed the increase of incident and impact of space debris, which is produced by man-made satellites, then the relatively high probability of BJA in Indonesia's equatorial region. This was then analyzed from the of aspects of international and national space law point of view. The importance of legal aspects in dealing with BJA can be seen in the case of the fall of first space debris, namely the Cosmos 954 satellite in 1978. This showed the importance of the Liability Convention is an agreement that emerged after the Outer Space treaty. The agreement specifically discussed compensation for losses from the country launching the satellite and the countries affected by the fall of the satellite debris.