ANALYSIS OF MIRNA IN THE GONAD OF MALE NILE TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS) EXPOSED TO PAPAYA SEED POWDER (CARICA PAPAYA)

• Main Author: Alfiani, Rahmidevi
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/71021
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

One of the problems that tilapia farmers frequently face is high reproduction rate. This may cause overpopulation in aquaculture ponds and inhibit somatic growth resulting in small tilapia body sizes. One method to reduce the reproductive function of tilapia is by using papaya seed powder (PSP) which is reported to have antifertility compunds and can interfere with the gonadal maturation of male tilapia. However, the information regarding the effect of PSP on the regulation of gonadal maturation in male tilapia on a molecular basis is still limited. One factor that may play a role in the regulation of gonadal maturation is microRNA (miRNA) which has an important role in regulating gene expression and cellular dysfunction in the reproductive system. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of PSP on growth performance, tissue damage, miRNA expression, and the role of differentially expressed miRNA (DEM) on the regulation of gonadal maturation in male tilapia. A total of 100 tilapia fingerlings aged ± 2 months were used in this study with two different treatments, namely control and 2 gr/kg diet from PSP for 3 months. At the end of the treatment, body weight, gonads, and liver of male tilapia were measured to obtain growth parameter values and body index (GSI and HSI). Histological analysis was performed using the Hematoxylin and Eosin staining methods. MiRNA identification was performed by small RNA sequencing using the Illumina platform and bioinformatics analysis. To determine the role of differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs), an enrichment analysis of target genes was performed using DAVID. The results of weight gain, growth rate, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the PSP treatment showed significant differences (P ? 0.05) compared to controls. Meanwhile, the values of condition factor (K), survival rate (SR), body index (GSI and HSI) didn’t show a significant difference (P ? 0.05). Histological analysis showed some tissue damage such as hypertrophy of interstitial compartment and disintegration of germinal compartment. There is no significant different in the number of spermatocyte between control and PSP (P ?0,05). The results of the miRNA profile analysis showed 421 known mature miRNAs and 480 novel miRNAs that had been identified. There were 5 miRNA that were expressed differently (-2?|Fc|?2 and p-adj ?0.05) with four miRNA increasing (oni-miR-23b, oni-miR-183, oni -miR-10a, oni-miR-23b) and one miRNA was decreasing (oni-miR-489). Enrichment analysis of gene target on oni-miR-23b, oni-miR-183, and oni-miR-489 showed that there were several pathways that were represented as significant (P-value ? 0.05 and FDR ? 0.01). Based on the results obtained, PSP 2 gr/kg diet from PSP can increase growth performance, cause tissue damage, and affect miRNA expression in the gonads of male tilapia. In addition, oni-miR-23b, oni-miR-183, and oni-miR-489 target several pathways that have important roles in the regulation of gonadal maturation in male tilapia.