THE EFFECT OF TREE SPECIES RICHNESS ON BIRD COMMUNITIES IN TEGALLEGA PARK BANDUNG CITY, WEST JAVA

• Main Author: Muhamad Kaisa, Jihad
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/71088
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The city of Bandung is a densely populated area with a population density of 14.64 thousand people/km2, while the area of green open space in the city of Bandung only reaches 12.25% from the 30% minimum area of green open space stipulated by Ministerial Regulation No. 5 of 2008. One the widest form of green open space in the city of Bandung is a city park with an area of 1.29% of the total area of the city of Bandung. City parks have ecological functions including being a place for wild animals such as birds to live. Tegallega Park is one of the city parks in the city of Bandung with an area of 19.66 ha. Tegallega Park has many shady trees with fairly dense canopy cover in certain areas so that it has the potential to become a habitat for the bird community. This can be realized if the city park has a type of vegetation that can meet the needs of birds throughout the year. This research was conducted to determine the diversity of bird and tree species in Tegallega Park, as well as the relationship between tree species richness and bird communities in Bandung City Park, West Java. Bird community data were collected using the fixed-radius point count method which was carried out for 30 minutes at 5-minute intervals at 6 observation stations. Data on tree species richness was collected by plotting 20 x 20 meters at each bird watching station. Microclimatic data such as air temperature, humidity, and light intensity were measured using a Sling psychrometer and a Lux meter for one minute with 4 repetitions. The analytical method used is Dominance Index, Diversity Index, Uniformity Index, Importance Value Index, relative abundance, and linear regression. The richness of bird species found from data from all observation stations was 21 species from 17 families with a Dominance Index of 0.20; Diversity Index of 2.07; and Uniformity Index of 0.68. The highest relative abundance was found in finches (Pycnonotus aurigaster) of 37.37%. The richness of tree species found from data on all observation plots was 34 species out of 14. The highest Importance Value Index was found in Bintaro Trees (Cerbera odollam) of 49.23%. Based on data on temperature, air humidity, and light intensity which were correlated with the percentage of canopy cover, it showed that there was an influence of vegetation on microclimatic conditions. Based on the results of the regression between observation stations, it shows a downward trend indicating the higher the richness of tree species, the lower the diversity of existing bird communities, while the results of the regression between urban parks in Bandung City show an upward trend indicating that the higher the richness of tree species, the more diverse existing bird communities.