STUDY OF BASIL LEAF EXTRACT AS CO-STABILIZER IN EMULSION FORMULA

• Main Author: Zakiyah, Nurul
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/71131
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Skin aging is a complex process due to oxidative stress conditions induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Antioxidants can inhibit free radical activity to protect the skin from oxidative damage. Basil leaf (Ocimum americanum L.) contain secondary metabolites which have potential as antioxidants and co-stabilizers in emulsion formulas. The purpose of this study was to examine the potential of basil leaf extract as a co-stabilizer in emulsion formulas. Basil leaf was extracted using the maceration-sonication method with 70% ethanol and then lyophilized to obtain a dry extract. Evaluation of the potential of basil leaf extract as a co-stabilizer is determined based on surface activity which includes surface tension values, critical micelle concentration (CMC) and emulsification index. Surface activity stability was evaluated on the influence of pH, temperature, and addition of salt. Furthermore, the formulation of emulsions was carried out with the components of basil leaf extract, glycerin, hexylene glycol, sunflower seed oil (SFO), tween 20, urea and aquadem. Emulsion evaluation included organoleptic, pH, globule size, confocal microscopy and antioxidant activity test using the DPPH method. Surface activity test results showed that basil leaf extract was able to reduce the surface tension of water to 38-42 mN/m, with a CMC of 2%. The best emulsification index was seen in the combination of extract with SFO, but it was still lower than the commercial surfactant, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS). The surface activity of the extract tends to be stable at the tested conditions of pH, temperature, and addition of salt. From the formulation results obtained a homogeneous emulsion at a combination of concentrations of 1% basil leaf extract and tween 20 1% with a globule diameter of about 2 ?m and a pH of around 4. Observations using a confocal microscope showed the formation of a colloidal network. The DPPH reduction value showed higher antioxidant activity than the extract alone. Thus, basil leaf extract has potential as a co-stabilizer in emulsion formulations.