ENHANCEMENT OF LOVASTATIN BIOSYNTHESIS INOYSTER MUSHROOM (PLEUROTUS OSTREATUS) BY USING PHYTOHORMONES

• Main Author: Astrid Mustafa, Fransisca
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/71689
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) produces anti-cholesterol compound, lovastatin, as one of its secondary metabolites. Lovastatin biosynthesis in oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is potential to be enhanced by using phytohormones during growth period of mycelia. It is caused by the role of phytohormones, which can activate gene expression after certain concentration is reached. Several kinds of phytohormones are auxin (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA), and cytokinin (kinetin/KIN). Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the best phytohormone and its concentration among IAA, GA, and KIN, as well as the best percentage of baglog mycelia during the treatment, in order to get the highest increment of lovastatin biosynthesis in oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) and determine the effect of the best phytohormone treatment, with right concentration and baglog mycelia percentage, on the expression of lovastatin biosynthesis related-gene in oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). In this study, IAA 1, 5, and 10 ppm; GA 5, 10, and 15 ppm; and KIN 5, 10, and 15 ppm, which were supplemented on baglog of oyster mushroom with 75% mycelia percentage were used to determine the best variation and concentration of phytohormone. IAA 5 ppm, GA 10 ppm, and KIN 10 ppm were given to oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) baglog with mycelia percentage 50%, 75%, 100% in order to determine the best of baglog mycelia percentage when phytohormones were supplemented, Lovastatin content of fruiting bodies and mycelia from each treatment were analyzed by spectrophotometric method. Phytohormone variation that showed the best performance was used for analysis of lovastatin biosynthesis related-gene by qPCR method. The results showed that phytohormones treatment with right percentage of mycelial baglog could increase lovastatin concentrations in fruiting bodies and mycelia of Pleurotus ostreatus. Phytohormone treatment and percentage of mycelial baglog that showed the highest increment of lovastatin biosynthesis was GA 10 ppm with 75% of baglog mycelial percentage, which gave lovastatin concentration 20,03±2,58 ppm and yield (P/X) 0,40±0,05 mg/g in fruiting bodies and lovastatin concentration 14,98±0,02 ppm and yield (P/X) 0,30±0,02 mg/g in mycelia. Data showed significantly different (p < 0,05) with control (no treatment). The result of gene expression analysis on samples from GA 10 ppm treatment with 75% mycelia percentage indicated an increment of CYP450 (LovA) gene expression, which showed that the fold change of treatment was 2,38 compared to fold change of control 1,05 on fruiting bodies sample, and fold change of treatment 1,08 compared to fold change of control 1,00 on mycelia sample. Based on these results, GA 10 ppm with 75% baglog mycelia was the best treatment in increasing lovastatin concentration and expression of CYP450 (LovA) gene.