PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF LIPID AND PROTEIN PRODUCTION SYSTEM FROM MICROALGAE CHLORELLA VULGARIS THROUGH TWO-STEP CULTIVATION INTEGRATED WITH ACETONE-BUTANOL-ETHANOL (ABE) PRODUCTION

• Main Author: Yasmin Dicky, Nadya
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/71742
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

One of the biggest challenges in using microalgae biomass as lipid source for biofuel industry is hindrance of lipid extraction efficiency due to the presence of complex cell wall which protects the cell content, including lipid. NaDES (natural deep eutectic solvent) pre-treatment could potentially be the alternative strategy to increase lipid extraction efficiency on microalgae, because its ability to influence the integrity of cell well, which in turns enhance solvent accessibility to reach cytoplasm and increase the release of intracellular lipid content. In this research, biomass of Chlorella vulgaris received pre-treatment with four different NaDES and molar ratio based on choline chloride (ChCl) to enhance cell disruption prior to lipid extraction. The NaDES treatment variation are consist of ChCl : Glycerol (1:2), ChCl : Glycerol (1:1), ChCl : Oxalyc Acid (1:2), dan ChCl : Oxalyc Acid (1:1). The effect of NaDES pre-treatment of microalgae biomass was analyed in terms of lipid yield and fatty acid profile. The microalgae was cultivated with commercial NPK fertilizer (Nutricomp-D) as growth medium, which lead to specific growth rate of 0,128 day- with biomass productivity of 0,004 g.L-.day-. Lipid from biomass has acid value of 42,56 mg KOH/g fat and free fatty acid content of 0,25%. Samples that received NaDES treatment, which is also a solvent for solid-liquid extraction, indicated significant increment of lipid efficiency (p < 0,05) for every NaDES and molar ratio variation implemented, in which the lipid yield is 1,25 to 2,3 times higher in those received NaDES treatment in compare to the untreated biomass and extracted using hexane. Highest lipid yield was found in sample with treatment of ChCl : Glycerol (1:1), which has total lipid yield of 19,44% (w/w) that is more than two times of the lipid yield from untreated biomass. There are found some minor changes for fatty acid profile distribution due to variation of NaDES treatment. However, the general fatty acid profile for each variation is dominated fatty acid palmitic C16:0 (21-29,5%) and oleic acid C18:1 (13-43,88%).