ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE INTENTION OF PEKANBARU CITY RESIDENTS IN MANAGING DISPOSABLE MASK WASTE: APPLICATION OF AN INTEGRATED MODEL OF THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR (TPB) AND NORM ACTIVATION MODEL (NAM)

• Main Author: Syakirah Karil, Vayolla
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik saniter dan perkotaan; teknik perlindungan lingkungan
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/71831
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The enormous of mask usage during the COVID-19 pandemic has created a new problem, which is an increase in mask waste. Improper mask management can increase the spread of the disease virus and have a negative impact on the environment. The surge in medical waste including masks up to 500% has occurred in Pekanbaru City, which had received a predicate as a city with the most exposure to COVID-19, furthermore many piles of garbage mixed between ordinary garbage and mask waste are often found on the roadside are also become a waste problem in Pekanbaru City. Given that mask waste can occur adverse environmental challenges and lead to medical complications, proper mask waste management behaviors need to be promoted and investigated in order to gain a better understanding of the underlying factors. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that influence the people's intentions of Pekanbaru in managing mask waste so that environmental pollution does not happen. In understanding behavioral intentions related to handling disposable mask waste, this study integrates Theory Planned Behavior (TPB) (attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control) and Norm Activation Model (NAM) (awareness of consequences, ascription of responsibility, and personal norms) which are then defined into 13 research hypotheses. The pilot test was conducted before the survey in Pekanbaru City to view if the questionnaire questions were valid and reliable. The pilot test was made in Bandung City which is not a research area to avoid the same sample being taken. After being valid and reliable, a household questionnaire survey was conducted on 384 respondents from Pekanbaru City who were distributed in each sub-district cluster proportionally and taken randomly. The results of the questionnaire were analyzed with Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS 3.0 software, with the aim of verifying the model with validity, reliability tests, and testing research hypotheses. The analysis results revealed a significant influence between: (1) awareness of consequences with an ascription of responsibility, attitudes, and subjective norms, (2) an ascription of responsibility with attitudes, subjective norms, and personal norms, (3) subjective norms with attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and personal norms, (4) attitudes, personal norms, and behavioral controls that are perceived with the intention of mask waste management behavior. But there was no significant influence between awareness of the consequences and personal norms. The variable that is the main factor in influencing people's intention to manage mask waste is the awareness of consequences through an ascription of responsibility and personal norms. Demographic attributes such as age and monthly expenses also have a significant effect on the intention of managing mask waste. Recommendations for interventions that can be given to promote mask waste management behavior in households, such as the Government needs to implement moralistic education on local residents such as designing community manuals or posters with special knowledge about mask waste management and publish in various media, then must effectively implement policies (reward and punishment systems), must cooperate with Social organizations and the entire society must take active action, as well creating an atmosphere for the entire society to participate in the management of mask waste, and distribute information messages to the public. This study enriches research on the factors that influence the behavioral intentions of household mask waste management and can be a consideration in establishing future policy strategies to encourage people's intention to manage disposable used mask waste in households.