EVALUATION OF WASTE HANDLING SYSTEM IN YOGYAKARTA URBAN AREA USING LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT (LCA)

• Main Author: Tri Wantika, Fita
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik saniter dan perkotaan; teknik perlindungan lingkungan
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/71972
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Handling waste by landfill or land-filling is the main waste management implemented in the Yogyakarta Urban Area. Even though the application is easy, landfills can contribute to environmental impacts resulting frommethane gasemissions and the resulting leachate. The Yogyakarta urban area as a student andtourism city is experiencing population growth which is increasing fromyear toyear, thus increasing the amount of waste that must be processed using landfills. Another challenge with using landfills is the availability of land. Large amountsof waste require large landfills. This is the basis for the need for otheralternatives for handling waste in the Yogyakarta Urban Area. Therefore, anevaluation of the waste handling system at TPA Piyungan Yogyakarta was carriedout using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method on the waste transportationand processing system. The LCA method used refers to ISO 14040:2006 withthecategories of environmental impacts being measured, namely global warmingpotential (GWP), acidification potential (AP), eutrophication potential (EP), andhuman toxicity potential (HTP). The inventory was obtained through literaturestudies, observations, interviews and secondary data from the local government. The Thornthwaite method is used to predict the amount of leachate dischargefrom the landfill. Environmental impact calculations were performed usingOpenLCA 1.11 software with CML-IA baseline characterization factors. Inventoryresults show that the largest emission generated from handling existing wastewith landfills at the Piyungan TPA is CH4 emissions of 45.6 kg/tonne of waste. This is due to the anaerobic conditions in the landfill. In addition toCH4emissions, landfills also emit acidic compounds and a number of heavy metalsinto the environment. The malfunction of the Leachate Processing Installation(IPL) increases the burden of emissions released into the environment. Scenario1which consists of handling with TPS 3R and open dumping landfill gives a GWPimpact of 989 tons CO2 eq/day, an AP impact of 0.071 tons SO2 eq/day, anEPimpact of 14 tons PO43-eq/day, and an HTP impact of 25 tonnes 1.4-DBeq/day. Scenario 2 which consists of handling with TPS 3R and sanitary landfill gives aGWP impact of 456 tons CO2 eq/day, an AP impact of 0.064 tons SO2 eq/day, anEP impact of 684 kg PO43-eq/day, and an HTP impact of 2 tons 1.4-DBeq/day. Scenario 3 which consists of handling with incineration without TPS 3Rgives aGWP impact of 104 tons CO2 eq/day, an AP impact of 0.056 tons SO2 eq/day, an EP impact of 15 kg PO43-eq/day, and an HTP impact of 106 tons 1 ,4-DB eq/day. The results of the analysis show that scenario 3 has the least impact when addingflue gas cleaning (FGC) to control SO2 and NOx emissions.