SEPERATION OF -3-MCPD AND GLYCIDYL ESTER FROM PALM OIL USING COCONUT SHELL ACTIVATED CARBON BASED COMPOSITES
Palm oil is a widely used commodity and a key ingredient in various food and non-food products. Crude palm oil (CPO) undergoes further refining processes to make it suitable for consumption or use. The purification process of CPO involves high temperatures, which can lead to the formation of harm...
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| Format: | Final Project |
| Language: | Indonesia |
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| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/73163 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | Palm oil is a widely used commodity and a key ingredient in various food and non-food products.
Crude palm oil (CPO) undergoes further refining processes to make it suitable for consumption
or use. The purification process of CPO involves high temperatures, which can lead to the
formation of harmful compounds such as 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) and Glycidyl
Esters (GE) in Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO). These components are
considered hazardous to health, especially when consumed in excessive amounts, particularly for
infants and young children. Therefore, this study focuses on the adsorption of 3-MCPD and GE
using a composite adsorbent based on zeolite, activated carbon, and chitosan. The adsorbent used
in this research is a composite produced from natural zeolite called modernite, activated carbon
from coconut shells, and chitosan derived from shrimp shells. Adsorption experiments were
conducted with variations in operating temperature (35, 45, 60, and 90°C) and the amount of
adsorbent (1%, 2%, and 4% w/w). Additionally, continuous adsorption was performed to obtain
breakthrough curves with variations in the amount of adsorbent (0,6 gr and 2,5 gr). The adsorption
data were analyzed using the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich, and Temkin models.
Based on the experimental results of temperature variation, the adsorption kinetics closely
followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption capacity, adsorption rate
constant, and percentage removal decreased with increasing operating temperature. The highest
percentage removal was achieved at 45°C, reaching 95.45%. Variation in the amount of adsorbent
showed a decrease in equilibrium adsorption capacity (qe) but an increase in percentage removal
with higher amounts of adsorbent used. The highest percentage removal was obtained with 4%
w/w adsorbent at 79.47%, while the highest qe value was obtained with 1% w/w adsorbent at
0.959 mg/g. In the case of continuous adsorption, the experimental data were analyzed using the
Thomas model. However, the coefficient of determination obtained was far from the ideal value,
at 0.3635 and 0.0633 |
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