IMPLEMENTATION OF PROTECTION SYSTEMS IN INFUSION PUMPS

• Main Author: Angga Yumawan, Kelvin
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/73871
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Infusion pumps are widely used medical devices for delivering intravenous drugs and fluids to patients. However, problems such as air bubbles and occlusions in the infusion tubing, as well as electrical disturbances during infusion therapy, pose serious risks to patient safety. Therefore, protection systems on infusion pumps are important to minimize potential risks and ensure patient safety. The method of developing a protection system on an infusion pump includes problem and requirement analysis, system design, implementation, and testing. In the requirement analysis phase, potential risk factors and constraints are identified based on the problems to be solved. The requirement analysis results in the necessary solutions and specifications to solve the problems. The solution is an automatic protection system that can detect dangerous problems for patients, which serves as the basis for system design. System design involves developing monitoring and problem detection algorithms on the infusion pump, developing infusion equipment resource management, safe infusion operation locking mechanisms, and synchronizing information with the infusion pump’s user interface. The system utilizes sensor technology such as infrared and pressure sensors in real-time to monitor and detect problems in the infusion pump. Detection of problems in the infusion pump causes the system to generate alarms and stop the infusion operation. The alarm mechanism involves generating specific light and sound signals from the infusion pump based on the condition of the infusion pump with the help of RGB LED and buzzer. The system is designed to receive power from adaptor and battery. Resource management on the infusion pump regulates the necessary power and ensures that the infusion pump always receives power to operate. Detection of air bubbles and flow disturbances in the infusion tubing is done by searching for the boundary values of sensor readings that can distinguish dangerous conditions such as air bubbles and blockages in the infusion tubing from normal conditions. The automatic protection system development algorithm includes monitoring and problem detection on the infusion pump, alarm mechanisms, safe infusion operation locking, and synchronization of information with the infusion pump user interface, which is applied to the control system using the ESP32 WROOM32 microcontroller. System control is done in parallel using the two cores of the ESP32 to ensure that the infusion operation for patients is not interrupted by the interaction of the infusion pump with the user, i.e., medical personnel. System design implementation is done in three forms, namely hardware in the form of PCB, hardware in the form of 3D objects, and software in the form of code. Hardware implementation in the form of PCB is done using PCB printing services and combining components onto the PCB. Hardware implementation is also done in the form of 3D objects printed using a 3D printer. Hardware implementation in the form of 3D objects is used to provide supporting mechanisms to improve the performance of sensor and alarm components, as well as protect components from the external environment. Software implementation based on the design is done using the Arduino IDE application, which iv uses the C programming language. Software implementation is done by forming object classes for each integrated system into the main program. The system implementation can detect air bubbles with a minimum size of 0.059mL/bubble, and the system can also detect flow disturbances in the infusion tubing that occur in the tubing before the pump system and the tubing after the pump system. The system designed can also operate for more than 3 hours and 13 minutes when there is no power supply from the mains. Overall, the design and implementation of the protection system on the infusion pump have successfully met the specified requirements.