IDENTIFICATION OF RAINFALL CLIMATOLOGICAL PATTERNS AND ITS INTER-ANNUAL VARIABILITY DUE TO ENSO EFFECTS IN WESTERN JAVA ISLAND
The rainfall pattern in the western part of Java is generally classified as a monsoonal pattern, namely a pattern with one peak of rainfall in one year. On the other hand, there are research that finds a pattern of two peaks of rainfall in one year in the region. Differences in rainfall patterns...
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| Format: | Final Project |
| Language: | Indonesia |
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| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/74822 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | The rainfall pattern in the western part of Java is generally classified as a
monsoonal pattern, namely a pattern with one peak of rainfall in one year. On the
other hand, there are research that finds a pattern of two peaks of rainfall in one
year in the region. Differences in rainfall patterns can be caused by differences in
the number of stations, distribution of stations, as well as the length of data used, so
that it is less able to represent rainfall in detail over large areas and complex
topography. Inter-annual variations in rainfall in the region are also affected by the
El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. ENSO significantly affects the
magnitude and start of the rainy season in the study area.
This study was conducted to re-detail rainfall patterns in the western part of the
Java region by using the local maxima method and utilizes a larger number of
stations, more evenly distributed, and has longer data. The analysis was expanded
by looking at the impact of the ENSO phenomenon on rainfall patterns.
This identification resulted in three rainfall patterns, namely rainfall with 1,2, and
3 peaks. Stations with 1 peak are generally located in the northern region (lowland
region), while stations with 2 and 3 peaks dominate in the central to southern region
(highland region) of the western part of Java region. The contrasting patterns
between the lowland and highland areas show that topography is one of the factors
that influence rainfall in the western part of Java. Then, the La Niña phenomenon
causes an increase in rainfall values in almost all regions in the period August to
November and causes an increase in the number of peaks and earlier peak times
compared to the climatology. On the other hand, El Niño causes rainfall to decrease
in almost all areas from June to October, but El Niño tends not to change rainfall
patterns in western Java. |
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