SYNTHESIS OF PROPRANOLOL AS A DRUG FOR HYPERTENSION AND HEART DISEASE

• Main Author: Irawan, Ade
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Kimia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/75299
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Hypertension and heart disease are types of cardiovascular disease which are one of the biggest causes of death in the world. In 2019 hypertension is the cause of 8.5 million deaths in the world. Meanwhile, the number of deaths in Indonesia due to hypertension reached 427.218 deaths with the number of people with hypertension in Indonesia reaching 63 million people. The emergence of further complications in several organs due to hypertension is one of the reasons for the high mortality rate due to hypertension. Based on this, hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases need attention and proper treatment. One treatment that can be done is to take beta blocker drugs. One type of drug class of beta blockers is propranolol. Propranolol is generally used to treat heart and blood vessel disease and can be used for other non-cardiovascular diseases. However, drug production in Indonesia still requires imported raw materials from abroad. Therefore, this study aims to synthesize the drug compound propranolol using epichlorohydrin as a precursor for hypertension and heart disease. This research was carried out in two main stages, namely the synthesis of glycidyl ?-naphthyl ether and the synthesis of propranolol. Epichlorohydrin is reacted with ?-naphthol to produce glycidyl ?-naphthyl ether which is then reacted with isopropylamine to produce propranolol. In this study, a reaction was also carried out using a microreactor to synthesize propranolol. In the reaction with this microreactor, ?-naphthol will be dissolved first and then the solution will be flowed into the miroreactor along with epichlorohydrin so that a reaction occurs between ?-naphthol and epichlorohydrin in the microreactor. This research resulted in the first stage, namely the synthesis of glycidyl ?-naphthyl ether which obtained a product in the form of a golden yellow liquid with a percent yield of 64%. Meanwhile, for the second stage of the reaction, pure propranolol was obtained which was a white solid with a percent yield of 78%. The application of microreactor for this reaction results glycidyl ?-naphthyl ether compound with a percent yield of 78%. All product were characterized by using 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopies.