TWO-DIMENSIONAL (2D) TI2C MXENE MATERIAL-BASED MEMBRANE FOR ULTRAFILTRATION OF METHYLENE BLUE DYE
Ti2C MXene is a two-dimensional (2D) material in the form of sheets that have interlayer cavities on the nanoscale. In addition, Ti2C MXene has a polar surface, good stability and a large surface area making it suitable for the separation of pollutants in aqueous solvent-based solutions. In th...
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| Format: | Final Project |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/75358 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | Ti2C MXene is a two-dimensional (2D) material in the form of sheets that have
interlayer cavities on the nanoscale. In addition, Ti2C MXene has a polar surface, good
stability and a large surface area making it suitable for the separation of pollutants in
aqueous solvent-based solutions. In this study, Ti2C MXene was used as a freestanding membrane and a PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) modifier for the formation
of mixed matrix membranes/composite membranes. Ti2C MXene was also modified
using chloride salts (NaCl, KCl, MgCl2, CaCl2). The presence of salt as an intercalating
agent on the MXene sheet is able to change the interlayer distance so that it provides
channels that can improve filtration performance. In this study, Ti2C MXene was
successfully synthesized with the support of XRD characterization in the form of the
appearance of a typical Ti2C MXene peak at 2???? 6.25°
and 7.11°
and there were three
distinct peaks of 149 cm?1
, 267 cm?1
, 360 cm?1
and D-band (~1350 cm?1
), G-band
(~1580 cm?1
) in the Raman shift. The effect of salt on the interlayer distance can be
seen due to a shift of 2???? 7.11°
(MM) to 6.46°
(MM-NaCl), 6.42°
(MM-KCl), 5.91°
(MM-MgCl2) and 5.65°
(MM-CaCl2). In addition, the surface of Ti2C MXene is
terminated by -OH functional. Its can bee seen in Ti2C FTIR spectrum, there are strain
and bending OH and TiO vibration peak at wavenumbers 3272 cm?1
, 1632 cm?1
and
564 cm?1
). The success of the synthesis of composite membranes can be seen from
the XRD results which show a typical PVDF peak at 2???? 18.70°
, 20.32°
and 26.67°
as
well as Raman results showing the formation of ???? phase (~794 cm?1
) and combined
peaks of ????, ????, ???? ? PVDF phase (~881 cm?1
). In the ATR-FTIR characterization, the
composite membrane shows ???? and ???? peaks at wave numbers 762 cm?1 dan 840 cm?1
.
Furthermore, testing of the contact angle was carried out which showed that the free
standing membrane and composite membrane exhibited polar properties (< 90°
). The
results of methylene blue (MB) filtration with a free standing membrane showed an
increase in flux value from 2680,19 L. m?2
. h
?1
(MM) to 2809,76 L. m?2
. h
?1
(MMNaCl), 3303.31 L. m?2
. h
?1
(MM-KCl), 2829.13 L. m?2
. h
?1
(MM-MgCl2) dan
3000.16 L. m?2
. h
?1
(MM-CaCl2) and good rejection (>95%) and antifouling (FRR ~
90%) for all variations. The results of methylene blue (MB) filtration with composite
membranes showed an increase in the flux only on PVDF/MXene without
modification, from 45.15 L. m?2
. h
?1
(PVDF) to 49.83 L. m?2
. h
?1
(PVDF/MM) and
an increase in rejection from 86.41% (PVDF) to 89.75%. Whereas the PVDF
composite membrane with modified salt showed a decrease in flux (< 45 L. m?2
. h
?1
)
and fairly good rejection (>80%). The addition of Ti2C MXene reduced the antifouling
properties of the PVDF composite membrane (FRR <95%). |
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