ADSORPTION OF IBUPROFEN COMPOUNDS USING MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMER MODIFIED MAGNETIC PARTICLES (MMIP)

• Main Author: Fahri, Halimah
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Kimia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/75554
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a group of drug preparations that are quite common in the air environment as environmental pollutants because of their many uses to reduce inflammation. Ibuprofen (IBP) is a pollutant that is commonly found in aquatic environments because it comes from pharmaceutical waste and the results of the metabolism of humans who consume the drug. According to reported data, the amount of ibuprofen found in aquatic environments can reach 0.003-1 µg/L. The presence of these compounds can cause damage to aquatic ecosystems, genotoxicity, and aquatic toxicity as well as being harmful to the environment and human health. To reduce these pollutants, methods such as membrane filtration, photodegradation, coagulation-flocculation, biodegradation, chlorination, ozonation, and adsorption can be used. The adsorption method is the most widely used because it is effective, simple, relatively inexpensive, and minimizes the waste generated because the adsorbent can be used repeatedly. Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) is used as an adsorbent because it has a high degree of selectivity, high stability, and reusability. However, MIP is difficult to separate from the solution after adsorption. Conventionally, MIP is separated by filtration and centrifugation so it is not effective and efficient because it takes longer time. Therefore, a modification of MIP has been carried out with magnetic particles in the form of magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles so that they were easily separated with the help of external magnets and produced a uniform shape. This study aimed to adsorb IBP using magnetite particle-modified MIP (MMIP) synthesized from ibuprofen (IBP) as a template molecule, methacrylic acid (MAA) as a monomer, and divinyl benzene (DVB) as a bond with a mole ratio of 1:4:20 in acetonitrile porogen solvent using bulk polymerization method. The Fe3O4 and MMIP nanoparticles characterized by XRD showed the similarity of the MMIP diffractogram with the Fe3O4 crystal structure indicating that the modification of MMIP using Fe3O4 nanoparticles was successfully carried out. Based on the results of the characterization of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, MNIP, MMIP, MMIP after leaching, and MMIP after adsorption using FTIR, it shows that there is a vibration absorption band from the O-H bond at wave number 3443 cm-1, C-H vibration at 2965 cm-1, C=O vibration at 1712 cm-1, and 1109 cm-1 vibrations of the C-O of the polymer constituent components as well as the vibration of the Fe-O bond at 581 cm-1 indicating that the modification of MIP and NIP with Fe3O4 was successful. The results of the SEM-EDS MNIP and MMIP characterization showed uniform spheric and uniform surface morphology as a result of modifications using Fe3O4 nanoparticles. TEM characterization showed the morphology of the MMIP after leaching was spheric in size 423 nm and the Zeta Potential yield at pH 3 was 14.4 mV. IBP adsorption reached optimum conditions at pH 3, contact time of 90 minutes, and adsorbent mass of 25 mg. The IBP adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetics model and the Sips adsorption isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 103,1850 mg/g. The thermodynamic studies showed that the IBP adsorption process using MMIP took place spontaneously, was exothermic, and showed an increased level of system disorder. The selectivity of the MMIP adsorbent in absorbing IBP to naproxen (NPX) showed good selectivity for IBP. The MMIP adsorbent can also be used repeatedly for up to 3 cycles or even more because it produces a fairly stable adsorption performance by using a MeOH:ACN 1:1 (v/v) desorption solution. In addition, the synthesized MMIP also produced a much better adsorption capacity compared to previous studies.