EPOXIDATION OF PALM OIL CATALYZED BY VANADYL@UIO-66

• Main Author: Baety Hanifah, Adinda
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Kimia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/75787
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Indonesia is the largest palm oil-producing country in 2021. The abundant amount of palm oil has the potential to develop into various applications. One of which is a plasticizer. In general, plasticizers are made from carcinogenic phthalate compounds. Palm oil can be functionalized into epoxidized palm oil (EPO). EPO production is generally carried out with peroxy acids to oxidize double carbon bonds in triglyceride compounds to form an oxirane group. The reaction is very exothermic and challenging to control, and it may decrease the EPO yield by opening the epoxy ring. EPO has been reported to generate by the employment of VO(acac)2 catalyst. This shows that vanadium has a potential to work as a catalyst. Therefore, this study examines the epoxidation of palm oil with TBHP as an oxidizing agent and the addition of an enhanced vanadium catalyst to the structure of UiO-66 (vanadil@UiO-66). Vanadil@UiO-66 is synthesized by adding VO(acac)2 and UiO-66 in methanol solvents (65 °C, 12 hours). The formation of vanadyl@UiO-66 was confirmed via PXRD, FTIR, and XRF. The vanadil@UiO66 catalyzed palm oil epoxidation reaction was evaluated by 1H-NMR. The characterization results showed that the optimum composition occurred at 80 °C for 7 h with the addition of 5.4% ?mol vanadium to olefin mol and 4 mol eq TBHP 70% reacted in 1 g palm oil (2.4 mmol olefin per gram). This condition resulted in an EPO yield of 67%. The kinetics study shows that the reaction is likely pseudo first-order to palm oil with an activation energy value of 41 kJ.mol-1 . As a result of the reaction at 80 oC, the values of enthalpy of activation (?????‡ ), entropy of activation (????? ‡ ), and Gibbs free energy of activation (????? ‡ ) respectively 38 kJ.mol1 , ?164 J.mol-1 .K-1 , and 95 kJ.mol-1 . The turn over number (TON) and turn over frequency (TOF) values for the epoxidation reaction at optimum conditions respectively 298 and 43 per hour