ADOPSI INOVASI BUDIDAYA KEDELAI DI LAHAN MARJINAL (STUDI KASUS : PEMANFAATAN LAHAN EKS GALIAN PASIR, DESA CIBULAN, KECAMATAN CIDAHU, KABUPATEN KUNINGAN)

• Main Author: Fajar Setiawan, Eko
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/75926
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Soybean cultivation decision making on marginal land (case study: ex-sand excavation, Cibulan Village, Cidahu District, Kuningan Regency), is one of the marginal land management diffusion-innovation practices born from synchronizing the needs of farmer groups, Cibulan village government and Kuningan Regency government. In its development, the characteristics of innovation and the innovation process are influenced by the leadership role and collective action of farmer groups. This study uses a mixed methods approach with Rogers' diffusion-innovation analysis, Spearman correlation analysis, leadership analysis and collective action. This mixed research is embedded design, because qualitative and quantitative data are collected simultaneously to complement the substance of the study. Data collection used data from the 2018- 2022 soybean cultivation planting season report, Cibulan village regulations, ex- village excavated land and other secondary documents relevant to the research. Furthermore, in-depth interviews were conducted with key figures implementing or partners of soybean cultivation activities in Cibulan such as farmer groups, Cibulan Village Officials and Heads, Farmer Extension Workers, Tempe/ Tofu Cooperative Management (KOPTI) of Kuningan, Kuningan Agriculture Office Officials, West Java Seed Certification Supervision Center Officials and other parties related to soybean cultivation in Cibulan Village. In addition, field observations and focus group discussions were carried out to confirm the distribution and extent of planting land to find other information needed for research. Based on the results of Rogers' diffusion-innovation analysis, it shows that planting incentives and land productivity (tons) are considerations for farmers to adopt soybean cultivation on ex-sand excavation. Mobilization of adopters (farmers) running using planting incentives to the maximum, tends to encourage farmers to get optimal group soybean yields (tons / ha). Meanwhile, if the planting incentives received are minimal, farmers will tend to get relatively small soybean yields (tons / ha). Similarly, it was found from the spearman correlation test, that planting incentives and crop productivity are strongly correlated but planting incentives are quite weak to the participation of farmers (number of people) to plant soybeans in ex-sand excavation. This means that farmers' participation is not only based on planting incentives but has other factors taken into consideration. Based on the analysis of the innovation process, soybean cultivation in Cibulan Village has been introduced by Alm. Haji Syarif as a pioneer of seasonal soybean farmers in rainfed rice fields after the rice season. He passed on the knowledge of soybean farming to Kardi which was later reintroduced by Kardi and modified to be planted in the ex-sand excavation as a substitute for peanuts. Furthermore, by Village Head Iwan Gunawan, Kardi's proposal was accepted and synchronized with the new food crop area expansion program which stipulated that the former sand excavated land would be used as a food crop land in Cibulan Village. Then he instructed farmers in Cibulan Village to plant soybeans on ex-sand excavation because the price of soybeans is higher than peanuts. Of the three soybean innovators in Cibulan, it is generally oriented that the soybeans planted must be immediately sold to soybean processed craftsmen. In fact, after developing seed networks, and the high risk of crop failure in ex-sand excavation resulting in farmers feeling dissatisfied so that prefer to shift to producing soybean seeds rather than soybean consumption. One of the farmers who pioneered the cultivation of soybean seed breeding is Saprol. He initiated soybean seed breeding in Cibulan and then mobilized Citaman, Cintaasih and Silih Asih 1 farmer groups to plant soybeans in rainfed rice fields and ex-sand excavation, only if it receives fertilizer and herbicide incentives. Apart from the development of media and communication networks between farmers, the role of leadership and collective action of farmers affects the adjustment or shift in innovation. Formal (structural) leadership shown by the mobilization of incentives and formalities of soybean cultivation rules resulted in collective action from farmers running with binding authority so that farmers It also has a dependence on incentives. The risk of collective action taken is in the form of ignoring soybean planting instructions or moving commodities to peanuts / other commodities in ex-excavated land as a form of disappointment peasant against the village chief. Meanwhile, informal (cultural) leadership is shown through flexible informal agreements between parties, built through regular meetings or discussions with farmers to Choose to plant soybeans in rice fields or in ex-sand excavation. The mobilization of farmers to plant soybeans on ex- sand excavation does not depend on planting incentives but is based on commitments with farmer groups.