PENGARUH KITOSAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN DAN KADAR ?-SITOSTEROL DI AKAR ADVENTIF GINSENG JAWA (TALINUM PANICULATUM) PADA SISTEM KULTIVASI HIDROPONIK NFT

• Main Author: Oktaviani Wahyu Widodo, Sinta
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/76065
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

<p align="justify"> sitosterol is the most abundant phytosterol type in nature and has many advantages for human health for example as an anticancer, antidiabetic, and lowering cholesterol. One biomass that contains ?-sitosterol in quite a large amount is Javanese Ginseng's (Talinum paniculatum) roots. But up until now, the utilization of Javanese Ginseng is still rare because of the thoughts that Javanese Ginseng is an ordinary wild plant. Javanese Ginseng itself could be cultivated using the NFT hydroponics method to get the same quality of harvested roots between one root with other roots. In this research, Javanese ginseng was cultivated using the NFT hydroponics method with the addition of chitosan as an elicitor in four concentration variations, namely 0, 12.5, 25, and 50 ppm. This research aims to determine the optimum concentration of chitosan on the growth of Javanese Ginseng (assessed from the addition of root and shoot weight, growth rate, and root-to-shoot ratio), ?-sitosterol levels in Javanese Ginseng roots, and also ?-sitosterol from Javanese Ginseng's root productivity. According to the research's results, it can be known that the optimum concentration of chitosan for Javanese Ginseng cultivation using the NFT hydroponics method is 12.5 ppm. This concentration could increase the addition of root weight up to 8.785 g, the addition of shoot weight up to 88 g, the growth rate up to 3.457 g/day, and ?-sitosterol from Javanese ginseng's root productivity up to 25.084 mg/m2/month. This could be caused by chitosan's ability to increase water and nutrient uptake as support for plant growth. Other than that, in higher concentrations of chitosan variations, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) content was increasing and leading to cause damage in plant cells. On the other hand, the addition of chitosan could lower the root-to-shoot ratio. The smaller root-to-shoot ratio, it shows that the cultivation environment condition is more ideal compared to the cultivation environment condition of plants with a higher ratio root-to-shoot value. The research results for ?-sitosterol levels in Javanese Ginseng's roots show that the addition of chitosan didn't affect the value of ?-sitosterol levels in Javanese Ginseng's roots. This could be caused by the absence of stress that could trigger chitosan to induce ?-sitosterol production such as dryness and heat due to high temperature. Therefore, it is necessary to do further research to determine the effect of chitosan's concentration smaller than 12.5 ppm and the presence of stresses on Javanese ginseng cultivation using the NFT hydroponics method.