PENINGKATAN LAJU PERTUMBUHAN UWI KUNING MELALUI VARIASI KONSENTRASI PUPUK NPK, UKURAN BIBIT, PEMBERIAN PGPR (AZOTOBACTER CHROCOCCUM) SERTA PEMBERIAN ELISITOR

• Main Author: Jasmine Makarim, Sophia
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/76346
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Indonesia as an agricultural country has abundant natural resources, one of which is the yellow uwi plant (Dioscorea villosa) that has the potential to be used as an alternative food source of high containing carbohydrates. In addition, the uwi plant can grow in dry conditions making this plant suitable for planting in Indonesia, which has up to 63.4 million ha of dry land. The problem that is often found in uwi cultivation is the long dormancy period. The use of Plant-Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Azotobacter chroococcum is known to shorten the dormancy period in plants and acts as a growth promoter. The provision of natural elicitors is also carried out to minimize the negative impact of the use of chemical fertilizers. The elicitor used in this study is Biosaka elicitor made from a mixture of 10 types of grasses and leaves. This study will look at the effect of variations in the size of uwi seedlings (50 g; 100 g; 200 g) that have been treated with biopriming with PGPR Azotobacter chrococcum, to the effect of NPK fertilizer compensated by compost fertilizer, as well as the provision of Biosaka elicitor on the growth and yield of yellow uwi plants. This research begins with the cultivation and inoculation of PGPR bacteria that will be used for the biopriming stage. After the uwi seedlings were soaked in the bacterial suspension for 24 hours and dried, seedlings with variations of 50 g (M1), 100 g (M2), and 200 g (M3) were planted in sacks that already contained a mixture of sand, silt soil, and clay soil. Cultivation of yellow uwi was carried out for 18 weeks and data collection was carried out every 2 weeks. NPK fertilizer was applied twice at 1 week after planting (WAP) and 4 WAP. Biosaka elicitor sprayed to the plants by fogging every 10 days and the plants were watered every three days. Cultivation of uwi was carried out in 5 variations of NPK concentration, namely P1 (0% NPK + 100% Compost + Elicitor); P2 (10% kg NPK + 90% Compost + Elicitor); P3 (25% NPK + 75% Compost + Elicitor); P4 (NPK 50% + Compost 50% + Elicitor); P5 (NPK 100% + Compost 0% + Elicitor); K0 (NPK 100% + Compost 0% - Elicitor); K1 (NPK 0% + Compost 0% - Elicitor); and K2 (NPK 0% + Compost 0% + Elicitor). After 18 weeks, it was found that the use of 200 g seedlings produced the longest plants (310 cm), the most leaves at harvest (221 leaves), the most branches (11 pieces), the heaviest tubers (234.6 g), and the heaviest plant biomass (755.11 g). P1 produced the longest plant (364.5 cm), the heaviest tuber (433 g) and the heaviest plant biomass (1014.7 g), while P2 produced the most leaves (99 strands), the most branches (16 pieces), the weight of the tuber weight of the plant. Biosaka application accompanied by the application of NPK fertilizer (P5) showed better results by being the longest plant at harvest (528.25 cm), the most leaves (164 strands), the most branches (7 pieces), and the heaviest plant biomass (623 g), while K2 produced the heaviest tubers (376 g).