ANALISIS TRANSKRIPTOMIK PADA PLANTLET PISANG CAVENDISH (MUSA ACUMINATA CAVENDISH AAA) YANG DIBERI PERLAKUAN PUPUK SILIKA DAN JAMUR FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F.SP. CUBENSE TROPICAL RACE 4

• Main Author: Leonny, Lidya
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/76402
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Cavendish bananas (Musa acuminata Cavendish AAA) are the most widely produced banana commodity globally. However, global production of Cavendish bananas is threatened by Fusarium wilt disease, also known as Panama disease, caused by the specific pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f. sp. cubense Race Tropical 4 (Foc TR4). Currently, the use of elicitors as plant resistance inducers has emerged as a promising choice in managing this disease, and one such elicitor is silica fertilizer. Silica at a concentration of 60 ppm has been proven to enhance the physical and biochemical resistance of Cavendish bananas to Fusarium wilt infection. To understand the underlying molecular processes, this study performed transcriptome analysis to identify genes with altered expression profiles in response to silica application and Foc TR4 infection. The objective of this research was to compare the physiological and molecular responses in Cavendish banana plantlets elicited with 60 ppm silica, infected with Foc TR4, and infected with Foc TR4 after elicitation with 60 ppm silica. Observations were made on physiological parameters such as disease severity index (DSI), pseudostem height and diameter, fresh weight, leaf chlorophyll content, gene expression profile analysis, and differential expression analysis of genes (DEGs) compared to positive control, negative control, 60 ppm silica treatment, and 60 ppm silica and Foc treatment (n=3). Based on physiological observations, the application of 60 ppm silica reduced DSI from highly susceptible conditions to tolerant conditions and significantly increased chlorophyll content compared to the control group. However, the application of silica did not show significant improvement in growth parameters, such as fresh weight, pseudostem height, and diameter. The administration of silica is known to influence the activity of defense gene expression, including POD, SOD1, SOD2, and Chi. The comparison between the NC and Si groups revealed 8 down-regulated DEGs, while the NC versus PC group showed 6 down-regulated DEGs and 7 up-regulated DEGs. On the other hand, the PC versus SiFoc group exhibited 9 up-regulated DEGs and 16 down-regulated DEGs, and the SiFoc versus Si group showed 27 DEGs with 1 gene down-regulated. The SiFoc group had 5 genes expressed differently compared to the NC group. Most of the identified DEGs are involved in plant-pathogen defense systems, such as JRL, PR, NRP1, and Cp1.