QUERCETIN CONTENT AND GENE EXPRESSION OF TGFLS1 AND TGTT7 IN VEGETATIVE TISSUES OF TEAK (TECTONA GRANDIS LINN. F)

• Main Author: Agustina, Melinda
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/76591
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Teak is one of the wood-producing trees that has high economic value. Teak vegetative tissue plays a role in pharmacology because it contains secondary metabolites, one of which is flavonoids. Quercetin is a bioflavonoid compound which is synthesized in teak. This compound is renowned for its pharmacological activity, which plays a role in human health. Based on teak transcriptome data from previous research, genes related to quercetin biosynthesis were obtained, namely the Flavonol synthase 1 (TgFLS1) and Cytochrome P450 superfamily protein (TgTT7) genes. However, there is no information regarding the relationship of quercetin biosynthesis to TgFLS1 and TgTT7 genes in teak. This study aims to analyze the quercetin content and the expression levels of the TgFLS1 and TgTT7 genes in various teak vegetative tissues. In this study, teak samples were taken from the first internodes (I1), second internodes (I2), third internodes (I3), vegetative shoots (PV), young leaves (DM), intermediate leaves (DI), and mature leaves (DD), which were used as sample extraction and RNA sources. Analysis of quercetin using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with a wavelength of 254 nm. In the analysis of gene expression, teak samples were isolated using the CTAB method. Identification of the gene sequence was carried out to obtain the TgFLS1 and TgTT7 genes, then continued with the primary design process. The cDNA synthesis used the reverse transcriptase enzyme. Gene expressions of TgFLS1 and TgTT7 assay using qRT-PCR with ?-tubulin as housekeeping gene. The results of the HPLC analysis showed that the mature leaves produced the highest quercetin content of 86.76 ?g/g, whereas the first internodes produced the lowest quercetin content of 5.50 ?g/g. The gene expression results showed that the TgFLS1 gene was expressed the highest in vegetative shoot tissues (3.90 folds) compared to the first internodes, while in young leaf tissues it was expressed the lowest (0.05 folds). In contrast to the TgTT7 gene, the highest expression was found in mature leaf tissue (4.56 folds), while in young leaf tissues it was expressed the least (0.01 folds). The results of the analysis also showed that there were differences between the quercetin content and the expression levels of the TgFLS1 and TgTT7 genes in several teak vegetative tissues. It was suspected that the TgFLS1 and TgTT7 genes not only play a role in the synthesis of quercetin, but also play a role in the synthesis of other flavonoid compounds. Thus, the expression level of the TgFLS1 and TgTT7 genes was related to the accumulation of several flavonoid compounds other than quercetin in teak vegetative tissues.