MACROZOOBENTHOS COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CONDITION OF WATER IN THE UPPER CITARUM RIVER

• Main Author: Yasya, Ryutari
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/76623
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Citarum River is the longest river in West Java and plays an important role in providing ecosystem service for the environtment. The upper watershed of the Citarum River once had a status as heavily polluted river. This may be due to the rapid development of metropolitan areas around the watershed. Macrozoobenthos is one of the aquatic biota that is often used as a bioindicator of water pollution. This study aims to asses the community structure of macrozoobenthos in the Upper Citarum River and its relationship with the physical and chemical condition of the water. This research was conducted at 3 stations (Situ Cisanti, Sapan, and Dayeuhkolot). At each station, DO (dissolved oxygen), pH, conductivity, TDS (total dissolved solid), and salinity were measured directly in the field. TSS (total suspended solid), turbidity, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, and orthophosphate were measured at Terrestrial Ecosystem Analysis Lab SITH. BOD5 (biological oxygen demand) and ammonium were tested at Sucofindo Lab. Macrozoobenthos collection was conducted by Surber net and Eckman grab every 2 weeks from March to April 2023. Macrozoobenthos were identified to the morphospecies level. The result showed that nutrient concentration, conductivity, TDS, and salinity increased from upstream to downstream, while DO tend to be decreased. Water temperature, turbidity, and TSS parameters tend to be high at Sapan stations. Based on the Organic Pollution Index, all the station that tested in this research have a weak organic pollution level. Macrozoobenthos found in the Upper Citarum River include 8 classes (Bivalvia, Clitellata, Entognatha, Gastropoda, Insecta, Malacostraca, Ostracoda, and Tubellaria), 36 families, and 47 morphospecies. From upstream to downstream, species richness tend to be decreased, indicated by the diversity index values of Situ Cisanti station (H’=1,279 - 2,155), Sapan station (H’=0,037 - 0,632), and Dayeuhkolot station (H’=0, 241 – 1,052). Pearson correlation analysis showed that macrozoobenthos diversity index were closely related with nitrate, orthophosphate, water temperature, conductivity, TDS, TSS, and turbidity with negative correlation. The dominance of Tubificidae was found, especially at Sapan station. Pearson correlation analysis shows that dominance index are closely related with ammonia, nitrate, water temperature, TSS, and turbidity with a positive correlation. Macrozoobenthos that were always present at each station were Chironomidae. Singleton species found at Cisanti, Sapan, and Dayeuhkolot station were 8,4, and 2 species, respectively.