THE EFFECT OF SYNBIOTIC FEED SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE QUALITY OF GROWTH AND SURVIVAL AND CHANGES IN THE MICROBIAL COMMUNITY IN WATER AND BODY OF GOLDFISH (CYPRINUS CARPIO LINNAEUS) AT THE SEEDLING STAGE

• Main Author: Elvin Cahjanto, Timothy
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Ilmu hayati ; Biologi
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/77394
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus) is one of the main commodities of freshwater fishery, that accounts for 16.35% of the total Indonesian freshwater fishery product. However, production has decreased due to constraints in conventional cultivation systems (flow through), such as : unstable water quality and the presence of pathogenic bacteria from the environment that affect the health and survival of the cultivated carp. Therefore, optimization of the cultivation system and application of synbiotic feed needs to be done to increase the productivity of carp. This study aims to determine the effect of synbiotic feed supplementation (consisting of probiotic Bacillus cereus and prebiotic red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii and Spirulina sp.) at early stages of nursery for 18 days. There are 2 variations of treatment, that is synbiotic and control/commercial treatment. In this study, the production of synbiotic feed was carried out with a composition according to the literature Nurwidayanti, (2019), 99.45% commercial feed, 0.375% (w/w) K. alvarezii, 0.125% (w/w) Spirulina sp., and B .cereus 108 CFU/kg. Furthermore, an analysis of water quality parameters (DO/dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, ammonium and nitrite), biological parameters (survival/survival, mean body weight, feed conversion ratio, total biomass, and average daily growth), and analysis of microbial abundance in aquaculture water and carp bodies, as well as their correlation to the water quality and biological parameters. The test results showed that the water quality parameters in both treatments were in the optimum range for carp cultivation, except for ammonium levels. The ammonium level in the synbiotic treatment was significantly lower (0.5 mg/L) than the commercial/control treatment (2 mg/L). Synbiotic treatment was also able to significantly increase the parameters of total biomass, survival, and feed conversion ratio compared to the control. The survival rate of the synbiotic treatment was 62 ± 8.33% with a total biomass of 2.24 ± 0.05 grams compared to the commercial one with a survival rate of 38 ± 5.16% and a total biomass of 1.29 ± 0.23 grams. The results of the relative microbial abundance analysis showed that the microbial abundance in the synbiotic treated aquaculture water was more stable by reducing the bacteria suspected of being pathogenic for carp, and increasing the abundance of heterotrophic bacteria which were able to reduce ammonium levels in the cultured water. Then, the abundance of microbes in the bodies of carp treated with synbiotics was relatively higher, compared to controls which tended to decrease. These results correlate with the provision of synbiotic feed which can increase the dominance of probiotics against pathogenic bacteria in the carp body. In general, it can be concluded that synbiotic feed supplementation has the potential to increase the efficiency of feed use to increase the growth and abundance of microbial communities, thereby increasing the immune response of carp.