THE INFLUENCE OF MICROBIAL VARIATIONS ON THE OPTIMIZATION OF BIO-COAL PRODUCTION AS AN ALTERNATIVE WASTE-TO-ENERGY PROCESS

• Main Author: Edelwis Ng, Agatha
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik saniter dan perkotaan; teknik perlindungan lingkungan
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/77740
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The waste fermentation process, commonly known as aerobic biodrying or "peuyeumisasi", is an alternative method of processing organic waste in the community. This research focuses on processing rice husk and sawdust waste or lignocellulosic biomass and vegetable waste or herbaceous biomass. The fermentation process uses three types of microorganisms with growth media in the form of tempeh liquid waste and molasses, as well as variations in seawater or aquadest and variations in the percentage of microorganism culture inoculum. The three types of microorganisms were Rhizopus Sp. (code RT), Bacillus altitudinis strain SKC/S-8 (code STN), and a mixture of Bacillus altitudinis strain SKC/S-8, Bacillus velezensis strain SKC/S-4, Diaphorobacter nitroreducens strain SKC/ylp-6, and Enterococcus faecalis strains SKC-13 (code SYC). The waste fermentation process promotes the degradation of lipids, proteins, carbohydrates and other organic compounds with byproducts in the form of heat that help reduce moisture content and increase the calorific value of bio-coal as the final product. In addition, there is also a bio-desulfurization process that generates additional heat in the fermentation process. The fermentation process aims to optimize fuel characteristics by producing bio-coal with higher heating value, fixed carbon content, and lower moisture, volatile and ash content. Bio-coal with the highest calorific value is a variation of bio-coal with bacterial code SYC 04, namely SYC code microorganisms with variations of growing medium aquadest and 15% inoculum percentage. Bio-coal has the lowest calorific value with the addition of bacteria code STN 02, namely STN code microorganisms with variations of growing medium aquadest and 10% inoculum percentage. The biodesulfurization process is proven by the results of %total sulfur bio-coal that gets the addition of microorganisms smaller than the control. The lowest %total sulfur was obtained by STN 03 code, which is STN code bacteria with seawater growing medium and 15% inoculum percentage. The results of moisture content, ash content, volatile content, fixed carbon content, calorific value, and total sulfur in bio-coal have met SNI 8966: 2021 on Bahan Bakar Jumputan Padat