THE ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLE RESULTED FROM BIOSYNTHESIS WITH THE EXTRACT OF METHANOL PROPOLIS (PRO-ZNO NP) TRIGONA LAEVICEPS

• Main Author: Howard, Celine
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/78432
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The global increment of acute wound prevalence has the potential to create medical burden and increase morbidity and mortality rates. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is essential to initiate the wound healing process, but excessive production can interfere the process. Interference of the wound healing process due to highly oxidized environmental conditions might occur due to clinical conditions, such as tissue hypoxia and hyperglycemia. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NP) are nontoxic metal oxides that have unique structural and optical properties, as well as good stability. Nanoparticles can be synthesized physically or chemically. However, the physical synthesis of nanoparticles requires a large amount of energy which increases operational costs. Meanwhile, chemical synthesis involves hazardous chemicals that are potentially harmful to humans, animals, or the environment. Biological nanoparticle synthesis or biosynthesis (green synthesis) utilizes biomolecules from microorganisms, plant extracts, or other natural products, making it more environmentally friendly due to its biodegradability. Biosynthesis using plant extracts is relatively simpler, economical, and faster. The bioactive content of propolis is known to act as a reducing and stabilizing agent in the synthesis of metal nanoparticles. This research aims to characterize ZnO NPs biosynthesized with Trigona laeviceps propolis methanolic extract (Pro-ZnO NPs), as well as to determine the antioxidant activity of Pro-ZnO NPs and the effect on wound healing. The bioactive content of propolis methanol extract was qualitatively identified by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The formation of biosynthesized Pro-ZnO NPs was confirmed by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and the possible functional groups involved in the formation of Pro-ZnO NPs were identified by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The morphology and size of Pro-ZnO NPs were characterized by TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) and ImageJ software. Meanwhile, the surface charge of Pro-ZnO NPs was characterized by Zeta Potential Analyzer (ZPA). The ability of Pro-ZnO NPs as antioxidant compounds was determined through DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay. The potential of Pro-ZnO NPs in wound healing was determined by scratch assay. Based on GC-MS analysis, the methanol extract of T. laeviceps propolis contained 79 bioactive compounds. The Pro-ZnO nanoparticles were formed which was confirmed at the absorption peak wavelength of 377.2 nm and band gap energy (E) of 3.29 eV. The results of the FTIR spectrum can illustrate the presence of functional groups that may be involved in the formation of Pro-ZnO NPs. The Pro-ZnO NPs formed have a hexagonal morphology with an average particle size of 29.8 ± 9.95 nm, and a surface charge of -40.567 ± 1.069 mV. The DPPH scavenging test showed moderate antioxidant activity with IC50 value of Pro-ZnO NPs of 106.911 ?g/mL. The antioxidant activity of Pro-ZnO NPs was lower compared to the methanol extract of propolis, however shows better effectiveness when tested on chicken embryo fibroblast cells. At concentration of 100 ppm, Pro-ZnO NPs were able to narrow the scratch area by 35,7%, which showed better performance compared to serum as a positive control. Based on the results of the research conducted, it can be concluded that Pro-ZnO NPs were successfully synthesized biologically with the methanol extract of propolis T. laeviceps.