ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOL EXTRACT AND FRACTION OF (PETIVERIA ALLIACEA} LEAVES ETHANOL EXTRACT AGAINS IN DIABETIC MICE

• Main Author: Susilawati, Elis
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/78890
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Background and aim: Petiveria alliacea empirically can be used for the treatment of various diseases. Previous research showed that Petiveria alliacea reduced the blood glucose levels, but the mechanism of action is still unknown. This research aimed to determine the antidiabetic activity and its possible mechanism of action of ethanol extracts and fractions of Petiveria alliacea leaves. Methods : The tests were performed by using in vivo and in vitro methods. In in vivo methods, there were 3 methods, including a glucose tolerance test, insulin deficiency test and insulin resistance test. In glucose tolerance test, blood glucose lowering effect produced by each test group was measured every 30 minutes for 2 hours after oral administration of test substance or glibenclamide at dose of 0.65 mg/kg bw and glucose solution at dose of 3 g/kg bw. In the test of animal insulin deficiency, insulin deficiency was induced by administration of alloxan at dose of 50-55 mg/kg bw. The extract and fraction was given at day 4 after alloxan administration. The effect of a decrease in blood glucose levels were measured at day 7, 14, 17 and 19. At last day of treatment, the animals were sacrificed and pancreas were isolated for Gomori staining. The last in vivo method was done by giving high-fat emulsions for 14 days and the test material was given for 14 days. Insulin resistance was evaluated by calculated the CTTI. Furthermore, in vitro study was carried out on determining a-glucosidase enzyme activity. Results : In the glucose tolerance test, it showed that the group of extracts and fractions of Petiveria alliacea leaves at dose of 80 mg/kg bw had the ability to inhibit the increase of blood glucose levels due to glucose administration. In the test of deficiency of insulin, the data showed that the ethanol extract at dose of 80 mg/kg bw and 160 mg/kg bw could decrease the blood glucose levels. Based on the results of the histology of the pancreas, its howed that the ethanol extract at dose of 80 mg/kg bw and 160 mg/kg bw could reduce the number of alphapancrease cell, suggesting a reduction of glucagon secretion. In the test of insulin resistance, the fraction of n-hexane and ethyl acetate fraction at dose of 80 mg/kg bw, and ethanol extract and water fraction at dose of 160 mg/kg bw were able to increase the value of CTTI (constant tolerance testinsulin), with the highest increment was observed in group of the water fraction at dose of 160 mg/kÅ bw. In in vitro method, n-hexane fraction and water fraction showed higher inhibition of a-glucosidase enzyme activity than acarbose. Conclusion : The extract and fractions of Petiveria alliacea leaves can reduce blood glucose levels. The polar compound with in ethanolic extract and water fraction of Petiveria alliacea leaves might be responsible in antidiabetic activity by improving insulin sensitivity. The extract and fractions of Peiiveria alliacea leaves at dose of 160 mg/kg bw showed a better antidiabetic activity than the extract and fraction at dose of 80 mg/kg bw.