EFFEC OF AVPCADO (PERSEA AMERICANA} MILL)SEED ETHANOLIC EXTRACT ON LIPID PROFILE AND PLATELET AGGROGATION IN HYPERLIPIDEMIC MALE WISTAR RAT

• Main Author: Hi Umar, Matuar
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/78892
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease is one of the main causes of mortality which become global health issues in all of ethnic in the world. Some risk factors associated with the incidence of cardiovascular disease including hypercholesterol and hyperaggregation of platelets. The avocado is empirically used as a traditional medicine to reduce cholesterol and there are many studies have been reported the efficacy of avocado seed. The objectives of this research was to investigate the effect of ethanol extract of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) seed on lipid profile and platelet aggregation in hyperlipidemic male Wistar rat. The avocado seed was extracted using 70% ethanol by reflux method and evaporated by rotavapor. Chromatogram pattern of extract was perfomed by tin layer chromatography (TLC). Hyperlipidemic induction method was conducted by giving high cholesterol intake and oral administration of pure cholesterol, cholic acid and propylthiouracil. The animals were divided into 7 groups (normal control, positive control, avocado seed extract 10 mg/kg bw, avocado seed extract 20 mg/kg bw, avocado seed extract 40 mg/kg bw, simvastatin 25 mg/kg bw, aspirin 20 mg/kg bw). Therapy was performed for 2 weeks and evaluated its effect on lipid profile and platelet aggregation. Antiaggregation parameters Were measured by observing of bleeding time, coagulation time and measurement platelet aggregation activity using plasma absorbance with ADP as a inductor of aggregation. Lipid profile such as total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL as well as the parameters of platelet aggregation was measured before the induction, the end of induction and the end of therapy. Small doses of extract (avocado seed extract 10 mg/kg bw) showed an acitivity to decrease total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels which significantly different compare to control group (p <0.05), with percentage respectively 58.12 ± 15.78% and 76.49 ± 15.76%, and had no significantly different with simvastatin group. Avocado seed extract 20 mg/kg bw and 40 mg/kg bw showed an acitivity to decrease of triglycerides levels which were significantly different with the control group (p <0.05), with percentage 32.45 ± 11.81% and 27.10 ± 13.62%, and had no significantly different with simvastatin group. All of doses of extract showed no significantly different compare with control group to increase in HDL levels. In platelets antiaggregation effect test showed significantly different (p <0.05) at the time of bleeding between the control group and the avocado seed extract 10 mg/kg bw. While blood coagulation time showed significantly different (p <0.05) between the control group and the avocado seed extract 20 mg/kg bw and 40 mg/kg bw and had no significantly different with the aspirin group. All doses of test showed significantly different (p <0.05) compared to control group on the measurement of aggregation activity which was indicated by decreasing in plasma absorbance and did not show significantly different with aspirin group. Avocado seed extract dose of 10 mg/kg bw showed activity in decreasing total cholesterol levels and LDL and had ability to extend bleeding time on antiaggregation effect test. Avocado seed extract 20 mg/kg bw and 40 mg/kg bw showed activity in decreasing triglyceride levels and had ability to extend the coagulation time on antiaggregation effect test. All oftested doses showed activity to inhibit aggregation but had no activity to increase HDL levels.