INTERACTION OF ANTIBIOTICS WITH ETHANOL EXTRACT OF JAVA TURMENIC RHIZOME, FINGGERROOT RHIZOME, GINGGER RHIZOME OR ROSEMARY LEAVES AGAINST SOME PATHOGENIC BACTERIA

• Main Author: Choirunnisa, Anna
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/78913
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Infection diseases are the main cause of the death in the world after cardiovascular disease. Most infections found is an acute respiratory tract infection from community and hospital, causing an increase of antibiotics used. This condition may lead to an increase of resistant bacteria. Oftentimes, Indonesian use natural medicine and antibiotics together, therefore it is necessary to test the activity and the influence to antibiotics. This study aimed to know pattern of bacteria at one of hospitals in Bandung, to know highest bacteria which resistance to antibiotic, and determine the interaction between antibiotic and test plant to the highest infection of bacteria. Initial studies was a cross sectional study conducted retrospectively. Sample criteria used was hospitalized patients who was accompanied with bacterial resistance examination in 2014. Antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of fingerroot rhizome, java turmenic rhizome, ginger rhizome, and rosemary leaves was tested by using microdilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concetration (MIC) and minimikln bactericidal concentration (NBC). The extracts which showed the antibacterial activity were choosen for exploring its antibacterial activity when combined with Ampisilin and Tetrasiklin. The result showed that pattern of bacteria at one of hospitals in Bandung was Staphylococcus epidermidis (19.61 %), Streptococcus sp. (15.69%), Acineiobacter baumannii (15.69%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.76%). Staphylococcus epidermidis and Klebsiella pneumoniae was the highest bacteria which resistance to ampicillin. The ethanol extract of fingerroot rhizome showed the highest activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae with MIC value was 32 gg/mL. The ethanol extracts of fingerroot rhizome and rosemary leaves showed the highest activity against Staphylococcus aureus with MIC value for both extract was 128 gg/mL. Synergistic interaction against Klebsiella pneumoniae was obtained from the combination of ampicillin or tetracycline with ethanol extracts of fingerroot rhizome, ginger rhizome and rosemary leaves, respectively and against Staphylococcus aureus was obtained from the combination of tetracycline with ethanol extracts of fingerroot rhizome or rosemary leaves and the combination of ampicillin with ethanol extract of fingerroot rhizome. Furthermore, additive interaction againts Staphylococcus aureus was obtained from the combination of tetracycline with ethanol extract of ginger rhizome, and the combination of ampicillin with ethanol extracts of gmger rhizome„and rosemary leaves.