PERBANDINGAN METODE DESORPSI DALAM PROSES ISOLASI BETA KAROTENDARI MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT (ELAEIS GUINEENSIS JACQ.)

• Main Author: Andry, Stefanus
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/79069
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Indonesia is the largest country that produce palm oil in the world. One of palm oil derivative products that have high economic value are carotenoids. Palm oil contains fifteen to three hundred times of carotenoids more than the carrot. This study was aimed to obtain the performance data for desorption processes of ß-carotene through comparison of Soxhlet and maceration method with kaolin as an optimized adsorbent resulted from previous studies and to characterize the structure of ß-carotene..Results of previous studies showed that optimum adsorption conditions of palm oil using kaolin as an adsorbent is at a temperature of 60 0 C for 1 hour with the effective adsorption of 72.03%. Palm oil was characterized and transesterified. The product was then adsorbed with kaolin. Further, the kaolin was desorped using either Soxhlet method with ether or maceration with n-hexane. Desorption isolate was then purified by column chromatography and purified test was carried out with HPLC. The obtained ß-carotene which was obtained were characterized further by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, IR spectrophotometer, and NMR spectroscopy. Weight of concentrated extracts obtained from Soxhlet and maceration method obtained respectively by 39.37 g and 39.54 g. Concentration of carotenoids in the concentrated extract from Soxhlet and maceration method was 184.99 ppm and 160.66 ppm, respectively. Each 4.5 g concentrated sample of Soxhlet and maceration method was purified by column chromatography and the weight of ß-carotene obtained respectively 17.43 mg and 16.80 mg. The process is repeated until all the concentrated extract can be purified by column chromatography. Through the whole process, 13-carotene obtained was 111.11 mg with a purity of 97.12% free of unsaturated fatty acids through the Soxhlet method and 86.22 mg with a purity of 98.31% free of unsaturated fatty acids through the maceration method. The results of characterization using UV-Vis spectrophotometer showed ß-carotene's signal at X — 450 and 477 nm. Following characterization using IR spectrophotometer, the functional group showed signals at 2923.56 and 2854.13 cm-1 (aliphatic CH stretch), 1650.77 cm-I (strain aliphatic C C). I H NMR spectrum showed a multiplicity doublet on chemical shifts at 6.26 and 6.63 ppm as the specific peak of ßcarotene and showed the impurities peak of saturated fatty acid at 0.8-1.52 ppm.