THE ASSESSMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY AND HOSPITAL WASTEWATER CONTAINING ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENTS (APIS) TOXICITY THROUGH BIOASSAY USING DAPHNIA MAGNA

• Main Author: Maulani Tiarina, Aisha
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik saniter dan perkotaan; teknik perlindungan lingkungan
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/79242
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Several groups of Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) including Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) can influence ecosystem even at low levels of exposure. The concentration of APIs often belongs to the class of micropollutants, so that toxicity tests should be developed using sensitive test organisms. In this research we developed a potential sensitive Daphnia magna to evaluate the toxicity of wastewater from five pharmaceutical industries and two hospitals in Bandung area. Physical-chemical parameters that were analyzed including pH, BOD5, COD, TSS, Total N, and Phenol, according to the Ministry of Environment Regulation No. 5/2014. To determine the LC50 values, the Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) method was applied. The results showed that the maximum concentration of pH, BOD5, COD, TSS, Total N, and Phenol of the pharmaceutical industries WWTP effluents were 7.9, 293 mg/L, 418 mg/L, 37 mg/L, 10.7 mg/L, and 0.188 mg/L, respectively. These values have fulfilled the effluent standards. However, based on the acute toxicity testing using WET method, it was found that the minimum LC50 value of those effluents was 6.51% or equal to the TUa value of 15.35. Based on the TUa toxicity class, this value was categorized to be high acute toxicity (10 ? TUa < 100).