DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF EXTERNAL SHADING WITH HORIZONTAL SLATS FOR BILATERAL OPENINGS ON DAYLIGHTING PERFORMANCE IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CLASSROOMS IN INDONESIA

• Main Author: Ribka Aritonang, Sofhia
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/79327
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

In the context of school buildings, daylighting is a significant factor that must be taken into consideration from the early stages of building design. Simultaneously, classrooms become one of the most crucial parts that should be prioritized in terms of lighting conditions. As a tropical country that receives sunlight throughout the year, Indonesia has great potential to maximize the use of daylight. Daylight itself has many benefits, particularly to minimize the use of electric lighting that can reduce energy consumption. However, excessive exposure to daylight indoors may lead to a visual discomfort. Thus, daylighting control strategies are needed to maximize the benefits of daylight. One of the strategies for controlling daylight is to implement external shading in the form of horizontal slats in the elementary school classrooms. Therefore, this final project aims to determine the optimal design recommendation of external shading with horizontal slats for bilateral openings, considering the daylighting performance in elementary school classrooms in Indonesia. The method used in this final project involves digital modeling of the classroom using Rhinoceros and Grasshopper software. Subsequently, Radiance was utilized as the simulation engine using the 4PH matrix method. Sensitivity analysis was carried out using the Standardized Regression Coefficient (SRC) method to understand the impact of design parameters, including window-to-wall ratio (WWR), slat separation, slat angle, and shading depth, in relation to daylighting performance represented by metrics such as Average Useful Daylight Illuminance (aUDI100~3000lx and aUDI250~750lx), Spatial Daylight Autonomy (sDA300/50%), and Annual Sunlight Exposure (ASE1000,250). Furthermore, optimization was conducted using Wallacei optimizer in Rhinoceros-Grasshopper to determine the most optimal design recommendation for external shading with horizontal slats. Based on the sensitivity analysis results, the metrics aUDI100~3000lx, aUDI250~750lx, sDA300/50%, and ASE1000,250 are most sensitive to WWR and slat separation. The recommended design for external shading with horizontal slats for bilateral openings that can provide the most optimal daylight performance in elementary school classrooms in Indonesia is achieved when both east and west façades have WWR value of 60% along with the slat separation distance of 0.2 m, and slat angle of -45°. Meanwhile, the optimal shading depth on the east façade is 2.0 m and on the west façade is 0.6 m.