MAPPING OF FUNDAMENTAL AND FORMANS FREQUENCIES OF ALLOPHONE VOWEL PRONUNCIATION (CASE STUDY OF JAVANESE SPEAKERS IN PATIAND BAHASA INDONESIA IN CENTRAL JAKARTA)

• Main Author: Nailufar Rohman, Syifa
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/79351
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

This research aims to analyze the soundwave of 10 allophone vowels from Javanese the most used ethnic language and Bahasa Indonesia as the national language. We mapped the acoustic characteristics based on the fundamental frequency and formant frequencies (from first to fourth formant) of 10 allophone vowels [a], [i], [I], [e], [?], [?], [?], [o], [U], and [u]. From vast dialects within the country, we chose Javanese speakers from Ngemplak Kidul Village while Bahasa Indonesia speakers were chosen from Cikini, Central Jakarta. A total of 120 participants were involved which consisted of 60 males and 60 females aged 16-17 years old. We recorded the participant's voice when pronouncing each vowel for 3 seconds. Fast Fourier Transform was then employed using Praat 6.0.25 application to determine the fundamental frequency and formant frequencies. We used the Equal Variance Two-Tailed T-Test to measure the vocal similarity of 45 vocal pairs and vocal similarity between Javanese and Bahasa Indonesia speakers. Using a significant level of ? < 0.05, the results of the study show that 68.75 percent of the fundamental frequency and formant frequencies of vowels are similar between Javanese and Bahasa Indonesia speakers. The fundamental frequency value for Javanese speakers is higher than for Bahasa Indonesia speakers. The range for Javanese speakers aged 16-17 years in pronunciation of 10 vowels for males is 136.5 Hz and 249.7 Hz for females. Meanwhile, the fundamental frequency for males of Bahasa Indonesia speakers is 128.9 Hz and 244.3 Hz for females. Male Bahasa Indonesia speakers have the first and the second formant frequency higher than Javanese speakers. Meanwhile, for females, the fourth formant of Javanese speakers is higher than Bahasa Indonesia speakers. Through this research, the 10 allophone vowels can be mapped so that they can be used as a reference in the academic world.