LANDSCAPE PLANNING OF LAKE LUT TAWAR AREA, CENTRAL ACEH AS A REFERENCE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SHARIA-BASED ECOTOURISM ATTRACTIONS

• Main Author: Fatmala Makhmud, Desy
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/80064
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Environmental degradation around Lake Lut Tawar (DLT) which occurs as a result of changing protected areas into cultivation areas along with the development of tourism activities and population growth in Central Aceh Regency, currently Lake Lut Tawar is designated as a Tourism Strategic Area (KSP) 1, with the theme "Sharia-based Lake Lut Tawar Ecotourism supported by natural mountain adventure tourism, cultural-historical tourism and artificial tourism" so that landscape planning is needed The designated sharia ecotourism-based Lut Tawar Lake area is expected to increase the ecological, social and economic potential of Lake Lut Tawar as a tourism investment. This study aims to obtain the concept of Sharia-based Lut Tawar Lake Ecotourism Attraction, landscape planning recommendations in the form of space simulations and ecotourism activities. Data analysis was carried out using spatial analysis methods using Geographic Information Systems on physical, biophysical and social aspects of the Lake Lut Tawar area, classification of physical development land suitability maps using weighted overlay techniques. Descriptive statistical analysis of 113 respondents was conducted to determine the preferences of activities and facilities in the ecotourism zone and factor analysis to determine tourist motivation towards sharia-based ecotourism activities in Lake Lut Tawar. Litterature reviews and interviews were conducted to obtain the principles of sharia-based ecotourism and local values that support it. The research location is located in the Lut Tawar Lake area, with an area of 55 Ha, an elongated site shape and is located in three districts, namely Lut Tawar, Bebesen and Kebayakan District, which is a Green Open Space (RTH) zone with City Park Sub-Zone (RTH-2), Lake Border Zone (DW) and River (SS). Based on overlaying aspects of land use, aspects of proximity to water sources, aspects of slope slope, aspects of proximity to settlements, aspects of proximity to main roads and aspects of land sensitivity, the level of suitability of the physical development of Lake Lut Tawar ecotourism consists of 3 categories, namely very suitable (S1) with an area of 34.93 Ha, corresponding (2) with an area of 13.52 Ha and not suitable (S3) covering an area of 4.63 Ha. The results of the analysis motivation factors show that there is a relationship between sharia-based ecotourism motivation to tourist visits to the Lake Lut Tawar area, this is shown by factor analysis which proves that the loading factor value of 17 variables is strongly correlated with 4 factors, factor 1 (F1) is a factor of "Sharia Tourism", factor 2 (F2) is a factor of "Education, History, Culture and Environment", factor 3 (F3) is the "Recreation" factor, factor 4 (f4) is the "Adventure" factor, factor 1 (F1) is the most dominant factor, it can be concluded that one of the motivations for tourists when visiting the Lut Tawar Lake Area is because there is a concept of sharia tourism. Ecotourism is one that is included in the concept of sharia tourism, the concept of developing sharia-based Lake Lut Tawar Ecotourism, including: (1) Involvement of local communities, local governments among academics and private actors; (2) The provisions for the use of Lake Lut Tawar refer to the Qanun of Central Aceh Regency Number 2 of 2016 concerning the Regional Spatial Plan (RTRW) of Central Aceh Regency in 2016-2036, the Detailed Spatial Plan (RDTR) and Zoning Regulations for the Urban Areas of Central Aceh Regency in 2020-2040 and Qanun of Central Aceh Regency Number 4 of 2019 concerning the Central Aceh Regency Tourism Development Master Plan for 2018-2025; (3) Application of the principles and provisions of sharia tourism that are universal and specific to Islam as stated in the Fatwa of the National Sharia Council-Indonesian Ulema Council Number: 108 / DSN-MUI / X / 2016 concerning Guidelines for Tourism Implementation Based on Sharia Principles, and specifically for Aceh Province contained in Aceh Qanun Number 8 of 2013 concerning Tourism; (4) DLT ecotourism must maintain the authenticity and optimization of DLT's natural environment from the threat of environmental degradation that can arise due to tourism; (5) Maintaining the local wisdom of the Gayo community in the form of the social value system of the Gayo community, cultural uniqueness in the form of art (intangible) ornamental variety (objects) and local food, drinks; (6) Utilization of local materials and implementation of local carvings (openwork gayo) in the development of ecotourism facilities (7) Facilities built must be able to increase the ecological, social and economic value of the area so that utilization efforts can be carried out optimally; (8) Provide narrative information related to DLT Ecotourism Attractions and facilities provided in the form of natural tadabbur messages; (9) Establish cooperation with surrounding DTWs by compiling complementary tour packages; (10) Determination of entrance fees (clear tourist levies) in accordance with applicable regulations; and (11) Cooperate in the promotion and management of DLT Ecotourism Attraction areas. The results of the analysis show that there are three zones in the development of Lake Lut Tawar ecotourism, namely: (1) Development zone, which is a zone that can be developed with various ecotourism facilities and infrastructure intensively by adapting/not changing land forms; (2) Buffer zone, is a zone that separates the core zone and the development zone, serves as a support/protector of the core zone from the negative impacts of human activities, the construction of semi-intensive ecotourism facilities and infrastructure, activities carried out with the aim of conservation, preservation, education, and so on; and (3) Core zone, is a DLT water area that has the main attractions / attractions of the economy and is an adequate conservation area to preserve biodiversity and its ecosystem, In this zone there is no recommended activity or construction of intensive tourist facilities and infrastructure.